《中国康复理论与实践》 ›› 2025, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (8): 922-929.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2025.08.008

• 康复教育 • 上一篇    下一篇

残疾大学生功能、职业胜任力与职业发展:基于ICF和RCF

梁斐1, 陈西梅1, 戚静1(), 王淑荣2, 梁永胜1   

  1. 1.山东特殊教育职业学院,山东济南市 250300
    2.潍坊学院教师教育学院,山东潍坊市 261061
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-30 出版日期:2025-08-25 发布日期:2025-09-01
  • 通讯作者: 戚静(1987-),女,汉族,山东济南市人,硕士,讲师,主要研究方向:残疾学生心理健康教育,E-mail: qijingsdsesvs@163.com。
  • 作者简介:梁斐(1989-),女,汉族,山西孝义市人,硕士,讲师,主要研究方向:特殊教育、融合教育。
  • 基金资助:
    山东省职业教育教学改革研究项目(2024499);山东省社会科学规划研究项目(23DJYJ12);山东省教育科学"十四五"规划课题(2023ZC583)

Functioning, vocational competency and career development of college students with disabilities based on ICF and RCF

LIANG Fei1, CHEN Ximei1, QI Jing1(), WANG Shurong2, LIANG Yongsheng1   

  1. 1. Shandong Vocational College of Special Education, Ji'nan, Shandong 250300, China
    2. School of Teacher Education, Weifang University, Weifang, Shandong 261061, China
  • Received:2025-05-30 Published:2025-08-25 Online:2025-09-01
  • Supported by:
    Shandong Vocational Education Teaching Reform Research Project(2024499);Shandong Social Science Planning Research Project(23DJYJ12);Research Projects of the 14th Five-Year Plan of Educational Sciences in Shandong Province(2023ZC583)

摘要:

目的 系统分析残疾大学生的功能和职业胜任力特点,探讨有效的职业发展路径和方法。

方法 采用《国际功能、残疾和健康分类》、康复胜任力架构(RCF)和成就动机理论,系统分析残疾大学生的功能特点与职业胜任力结构和内容,探讨促进残疾大学生职业胜任力发展的路径。

结果 采用职业康复核心分类组合和世界卫生组织残疾评定量表2.0版,分析残疾大学生在身体功能与结构、活动和参与、环境因素等维度的功能表现以及对职业活动的影响。借鉴RCF和成就动机理论,分析残疾大学生职业胜任力架构与内容,提出通过赋能、功能代偿和包容性环境支持3大协同路径促进残疾大学生的职业胜任力发展。基于精准的职业需求和职业能力评估,通过早期介入、专业职业服务和多方协作机制,为残疾大学生提供全程、个性化职业发展的咨询、指导和支持服务。

结论 残疾大学生的职业发展受个体功能状态、职业胜任力和环境多重因素影响。通过实施赋能、功能代偿以及包容性环境支持的职业发展支持策略,确保残疾大学生在包容性的劳动环境中就业的权利,有效提升残疾大学生的就业质量与职业生涯可持续发展能力。

关键词: 残疾大学生, 国际功能、残疾和健康分类, 康复胜任力架构, 职业发展

Abstract:

Objective To systematically analyze the characteristics of functioning and vocational competency of college students with disabilities and explore effective career development pathways and methods.

Methods This study systematically examined the functional characteristics and occupational competency structure of college students with disabilities, and proposed pathways to enhance their career development, using International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), rehabilitation competency framework (RCF), and achievement motivation theory.

Results The study analyzed the functional performance of college students with disabilities across dimensions such as body functions and structures, activities and participation, and environmental factors, as well as their impact on occupational activities, using the Core Sets for Vocational Rehabilitation and the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0). The study outlined the occupational competency framework for these students and proposed three synergistic pathways to enhance their career development, including empowerment, functional compensation, and inclusive environmental support, based on RCF and achievement motivation theory. Early intervention, professional career services and multi-stakeholder collaboration mechanisms were recommended to provide lifelong, personalized career counseling, guidance and support based on precise occupational needs and competency assessments.

Conclusion The career development of college students with disabilities is influenced by multiple factors, including individual functional status, occupational competency and environmental conditions. Implementing strategies such as empowerment, functional compensation, and inclusive environmental support could safeguard their right to employment in an inclusive workplace, effectively improving their employment quality and sustainable career development capabilities.

Key words: college students with disabilities, International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, rehabilitation competency framework, career development

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