《中国康复理论与实践》

《中国康复理论与实践》 ›› 2026, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (7): 841-849.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2026.07.011

• 应用研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

川渝地区残疾人辅助器具满意度相关影响因素

陈盼盼1, 糜炫2, 董理权3, 李钰1, 李承昊3, 王文平1, 刘夕东1, 钟武1()   

  1. 1 四川省八一康复中心(四川省康复医院)， 四川成都市 611135
    2 重庆市残疾人综合服务中心， 重庆市 400060
    3 中国残疾人辅助器具中心， 北京市 100050
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-10 修回日期:2026-02-01 接受日期:2026-02-03 出版日期:2026-07-25 发布日期:2026-07-30
  • 通讯作者: 钟武，E-mail： zhongwu2876@sina.com
  • 作者简介:陈盼盼(1986-)，女，汉族，河南确山县人，硕士，中级辅具适配师，主要研究方向：康复工程、公共卫生。
  • 基金资助:
    中国残联课题残疾人辅助器具专项(2024CDPFAT-35);成都中医药大学教育教学改革项目(基地专项)(JGJD202439)

Factors associated with assistive device satisfaction among persons with disabilities in Sichuan-Chongqing region

Chen Panpan1, Mi Xuan2, Dong Liquan3, Li Yu1, Li Chenghao3, Wang Wenping1, Liu Xidong1, Zhong Wu1()   

  1. 1 Sichuan Provincial Bayi Rehabilitation Center (Sichuan Provincial Rehabilitation Hospital), Chengdu, Sichuan 611135, China
    2 Chongqing Comprehensive Service Center for Persons with Disabilities, Chongqing 400060, China
    3 China Assistive Devices and Technology Center for Persons with Disabilities, Beijing 100050, China
  • Received:2025-12-10 Revised:2026-02-01 Accepted:2026-02-03 Published:2026-07-25 Online:2026-07-30
  • Supported by:
    Special Project on Assistive Devices for Persons with Disabilities, China Disabled Persons' Federation(2024CDPFAT-35);Education and Teaching Reform Special Project (Base Program) of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(JGJD202439)

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摘要：

目的 了解川渝地区残疾人辅助器具使用现状与未满足需求情况，识别影响辅具满意度的关键因素。

方法 2024年10月至2025年2月，采用配额抽样法抽取四川省残疾人1 040例，重庆市残疾人260例，采用电话或在线问卷方式调查人口学特征，辅具使用和未满足情况，以及辅具使用满意度。采用相关分析、多元线性回归分析和结构方程模型识别影响满意度的关键因素。

结果 回收有效问卷1 186份，其中四川省942例，重庆市244例。川渝地区残疾人辅具使用率为61.9%，未满足辅具需求为30.6%；农业户口使用率(57.98%)低于非农业户口(66.86%)，辅具使用率随学历升高呈“J”形上扬趋势。多元回归显示，学历(P = 0.002)、辅具有用性(P < 0.001)、居家环境(P < 0.001)、公共环境(P < 0.001)和残疾类别(与肢体残疾相比，视力残疾、听力残疾有显著性差异，P < 0.05)，是影响辅具使用满意度的关键因素，其中公共环境对辅具使用满意度的影响通过两条间接路径实现：经由“辅具有用性”的中介效应(ind1 = 0.357, 95%CI 0.279~0.437, P < 0.001)，贡献约70%；经由“居家环境”的中介效应(ind2 = 0.129, 95%CI 0.006~0.242, P = 0.038)，贡献约25%。

结论 川渝地区残疾人辅具使用与需求结构性失衡，认知-精神类群体因需求感知弱或信息获取难而更易被排除在服务链条之外；学历对辅具使用和满意度均呈显著正向作用，不同学历残疾人群的培训需求也具有差异性；满意度受残疾类别、辅具有用性和环境等多种因素影响，未来产品开发需兼顾功能-心理双维度，优先保障家庭-社区微无障碍改造，再向上延伸公共交通和就业场景，可最大化资金使用效益。

关键词: 残疾人, 辅助器具, 满意度, 影响因素

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the current status of assistive device use and unmet needs among persons with disabilities in Sichuan-Chongqing region, and to identify the key factors associated with satisfaction with these devices.

Methods From October, 2024 to February, 2025, quota sampling was adopted to recruit 1 040 persons with disabilities in Sichuan and 260 persons with disabilities in Chongqing. Telephone and online questionnaires were used to collect data on demographic characteristics, status of assistive device utilization and unmet assistive device needs, as well as satisfaction with assistive device use. Correlation analysis, multiple linear regression analysis and structural equation modeling were performed to identify key factors associated with satisfaction.

Results A total of 1 186 valid responses were collected, of which 942 were from Sichuan Province and 244 from Chongqing Municipality. The utilization rate of assistive devices among persons with disabilities in Sichuan-Chongqing region was 61.9%, and the rate of unmet assistive device needs was 30.6%. The assistive device utilization rate of participants with agricultural household registration (57.98%) was lower than that of participants with non-agricultural household registration (66.86%). The utilization rate showed a J-shaped upward trend with the increase of educational attainment. Educational attainment (P = 0.002), perceived usefulness of assistive devices (P < 0.001), home living environment (P < 0.001), public environment (P < 0.001) and disability type (significant differences were found in visual and hearing disabilities compared with physical disability, P < 0.05) were key predictors of satisfaction with assistive device use. The impact of public environment on satisfaction was exerted through two indirect mediating paths: mediating effect via perceived usefulness of assistive devices (ind1 = 0.357, 95%CI 0.279 to 0.437, P < 0.001), contributing approximately 70% of the total indirect effect; mediating effect via home living environment (ind2 = 0.129, 95%CI 0.006 to 0.242, P = 0.038), contributing approximately 25% of the total indirect effect.

Conclusion There is a structural imbalance between assistive device use and demand in Sichuan-Chongqing region. People with psycho-intellectual disabilities are most likely to be excluded from the service chain because they neither perceive need nor access information. Education exerts a robust positive effect on both adoption and satisfaction, so training content must be tailored to different educational levels. Satisfaction is shaped by disability type, device usefulness and environmental factors. Future product development should therefore integrate functional and psychosocial dimensions. Priority should be given to micro-scale home-and-community accessibility retrofits before extending upward to public transportation and employment settings, to maximize the cost-effectiveness of limited funds.

Key words: persons with disabilities, assistive devices, satisfaction, influencing factors

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