康复工程中的伦理挑战与治理前瞻

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2026.07.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的系统梳理和剖析技术融合进程中康复工程领域所伴生的核心伦理挑战，提出兼具前瞻性和可操作性的伦理治理框架。

方法以政策法规、医学伦理及科技伦理基本原则为理论基础，结合康复工程技术应用特点，系统梳理康复工程伦理审查中存在的核心问题，并围绕伦理治理要点展开针对性分析。

结果本文系统梳理了康复工程在技术融合背景下衍生的核心伦理挑战，涵盖身份认同与自主性困境、资源分配不公与偏见、数据隐私与安全风险，以及多主体协同中的责任归属难题，并围绕伦理原则深化、审查机制完善和多元主体能力建设三个维度提出针对性治理建议。

结论康复工程借助人工智能、机器人等技术为功能障碍者提供全新康复路径，显著提升了康复效果。但其广泛应用也伴随隐私泄露、责任判定困难、服务不公及情感依赖等伦理挑战。需围绕伦理原则拓展、专项监管规范和多元主体伦理素养培育构建治理路径，将伦理约束嵌入技术研发、临床转化和应用推广全流程，通过政策、技术与人文协同发力，平衡技术创新与人权保障，实现康复工程的科技向善和可持续发展。

关键词: 康复工程, 伦理风险, 伦理治理, 应对路径

Abstract:

Objective To systematically review and analyze the core ethical challenges accompanying technological convergence in the field of rehabilitation engineering, and to propose a forward-looking and actionable ethical governance framework.

Methods Taking the basic principles of policies and regulations, medical ethics, and scientific and technological ethics as the theoretical foundation, and combining with the application characteristics of rehabilitation engineering technology, this paper systematically sorted out the core issues existing in the ethical review of rehabilitation engineering, and conducted targeted analyses focusing on the key points of ethical governance.

Results This paper systematically reviewed the core ethical challenges arising from technological convergence in rehabilitation engineering, encompassing dilemmas of identity and autonomy, inequitable resource allocation and biases, data privacy and security risks, and accountability attribution difficulties in multi-stakeholder collaboration. It further proposed targeted governance recommendations along three dimensions: deepening ethical principles, improving review mechanisms and building capacity among diverse stakeholders.

Conclusion Rehabilitation engineering, leveraging artificial intelligence and robotics offers novel rehabilitation pathways for individuals with functional impairments, and has substantially improved therapeutic outcomes. Nevertheless, its widespread application is accompanied by ethical challenges, including privacy breaches, difficulties in liability attribution, inequitable service access, and emotional dependency. Governance pathways should be established around the refinement of ethical principles, the formulation of specific regulatory frameworks, and the cultivation of ethical competence among diverse stakeholders. Ethical considerations must be embedded throughout the entire lifecycle of technology research and development, clinical translation and deployment. Through the coordinated advancement of policy, technology and humanistic values, a balance can be struck between technological innovation and the protection of human rights, thereby fostering the beneficent and sustainable development of rehabilitation engineering.

Key words: rehabilitation engineering, ethical risks, ethical governance, coping path

中图分类号:

R496

张溢杉, 宋佳佳, 侯天宇, 孟丽君. 康复工程中的伦理挑战与治理前瞻[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2026, 32(7): 861-868.

Zhang Yishan, Song Jiajia, Hou Tianyu, Meng Lijun. Ethical challenges and governance prospects in rehabilitation engineering[J]. Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice, 2026, 32(7): 861-868.

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