不同运动模式对脑卒中患者步行及平衡功能的效果比较

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2025.08.005

《中国康复理论与实践》 ›› 2025, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (8): 896-905.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2025.08.005

不同运动模式对脑卒中患者步行及平衡功能的效果比较

张子昂¹, 陈静²^,³, 沈孟茹², 耿宗晓¹, 韩雪¹, 赵旭¹, 徐磊¹()

1.蚌埠医科大学第一附属医院康复医学科，安徽蚌埠市 233000
2.蚌埠医科大学研究生院，安徽蚌埠市233000
3.深圳大学第二附属医院康复医学科，广东深圳市 518000

收稿日期:2025-01-20 修回日期:2025-07-04 出版日期:2025-08-25 发布日期:2025-09-01
通讯作者: 徐磊(1981-)，男，汉族，安徽蚌埠市人，博士，主任医师、教授，主要研究方向：神经康复，E-mail： xuleibyfy@163.com。
作者简介:张子昂(2001-)，男，汉族，安徽砀山县人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向：运动康复。
基金资助:
安徽省青年江淮名医人才项目(〔2022〕392);安徽省临床医学研究转化专项项目(202304295107020085)

Comparison of effect of different types of exercise on gait and balance for stroke patients

ZHANG Ziang¹, CHEN Jing²^,³, SHEN Mengru², GENG Zongxiao¹, HAN Xue¹, ZHAO Xu¹, XU Lei¹()

1. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, China
2. Graduate School, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, China
3. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China

Received:2025-01-20 Revised:2025-07-04 Published:2025-08-25 Online:2025-09-01
Supported by:
Anhui Jianghuai Young Famous Medical Talent Project([2022]392);Anhui Clinical Medical Research Transformation Special Project(202304295107020085)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的比较中等强度持续训练(MICT)和高强度间歇训练(HIIT)对脑卒中患者步行和平衡功能的干预效果。

方法 2023年12月至2024年12月，蚌埠医科大学第一附属医院脑卒中后步行和平衡功能障碍患者96例随机分为对照组(n = 32)、MICT组(n = 32)和HIIT组(n = 32)。对照组进行常规综合康复治疗，MICT组增加MICT，HIIT组增加HIIT，共4周。治疗前后比较睁闭眼状态下平均压力、足印面积对称指数(SI)，以及身体质心前后和内外位移，并采用Berg平衡量表(BBS)、6分钟步行试验(6MWT)距离、计时“起立-行走”测试(TUGT)、10米步行试验(10MWT)时间、Fugl-Meyer评定量表下肢部分(FMA-LE)进行评定。

结果各组BBS评分、6MWT距离、TUGT和10MWT时间、FMA-LE评分的组内(F > 351.683, P < 0.001)、组间(F > 4.945, P < 0.01)和交互效应(F > 16.919, P < 0.001)均显著；治疗后，MICT组、HIIT组上述指标优于对照组(P < 0.05)，HIIT组6MWT距离、TUGT和10MWT时间、FMA-LE评分优于MICT组(P < 0.05)。睁眼状态下，各组平均压力SI、足印面积SI、身体质心前后向位移和内外向位移的组内(F > 64.684, P < 0.001)、组间(F > 9.472, P < 0.001)和交互效应(F > 10.562, P < 0.001)均显著；治疗后，MICT组和HIIT组上述指标改善显著优于对照组(P < 0.001)，HIIT组显著优于MICT组(P < 0.001)。闭眼状态下，各组平均压力SI、足印面积SI、身体质心前后向位移和内外向位移的组内(F > 107.730, P < 0.001)、组间(F > 4.275, P < 0.05)和交互效应(F > 7.985, P < 0.05)均显著；治疗后，MICT组和HIIT组上述指标优于对照组(P < 0.05)，HIIT组平均压力SI优于MICT组(P < 0.05)。

结论 HIIT和MICT均可显著改善脑卒中患者步行和平衡功能，HIIT对步行功能和睁眼静态平衡功能的干预效果优于MICT，对闭眼静态平衡功能干预效果两种运动模式大致相当。

关键词: 脑卒中, 高强度间歇训练, 中等强度持续训练, 步行, 平衡

Abstract:

Objective To compare the effect of moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on gait and balance for stroke patients.

Methods From December, 2023 to December, 2024, 96 patients with post-stroke gait and balance dysfunction were selected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, and randomly divided into control group (n= 32), MICT group (n= 32) and HIIT group (n= 32). The control group received routine comprehensive rehabilitation therapy, while MICT and HIIT groups received additional respective training, for four weeks. They were measured with symmetry indexes (SI) of mean pressure and footprint area during eyes-open and eyes-closed condition, as well as anterior-posterior and medial-lateral displacement of the center of mass, before and after treatment; while they were assessed with Berg Balance Scale (BBS), distance of 6-minute walk test (6MWT), time of Timed Up & Go test (TUGT) and 10-meter walk test (10MWT), and Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Lower Extremities (FMA-LE).

Results The main effects of time (F> 351.683, P< 0.001) and groups (F> 4.945, P< 0.05), and the interaction effects (F> 16.919, P< 0.001) were significant for BBS scores, distance of 6MWT, time of TUGT and 10MWT, and FMA-LE scores; and all the indicators were better in MICT group and HIIT group than in the control group (P < 0.05) after treatment, and they were better in HIIT group than in MICT group (P < 0.05) except BBS score. Under eyes-open condition, the main effects of time (F > 64.684, P < 0.001) and groups (F > 9.472, P < 0.001), and the interaction effects (F > 10.562, P < 0.001) were significant for SI of mean pressure and footprint area, and anterior-posterior and medial-lateral displacement of the center of mass; and all the indicators were better in MICT group and HIIT group than in the control group (P < 0.001) after treatment, and they were better in HIIT group than in MICT group (P < 0.05). Under eyes-closed condition, the main effects of time (F > 107.730, P < 0.001) and groups (F > 4.275, P < 0.05), and the interaction effects (F > 7.985, P < 0.05) were significant for SI of mean pressure and footprint area, and anterior-posterior and medial-lateral displacement of the center of mass; and SI of mean pressure was better in HIIT group than in MICT group (P < 0.05), the other indicators were better in MICT group and HIIT group than in the control group (P < 0.001) after treatment.

Conclusion Both HIIT and MICT can improve gait and balance for stroke patients, and HIIT is more effective on gait and static balance with eyes open, but similar on static balance with eyes closed.

Key words: stroke, high-intensity interval training, moderate-intensity continuous training, gait ability, balance

中图分类号:

R743.3

张子昂, 陈静, 沈孟茹, 耿宗晓, 韩雪, 赵旭, 徐磊. 不同运动模式对脑卒中患者步行及平衡功能的效果比较[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2025, 31(8): 896-905.

ZHANG Ziang, CHEN Jing, SHEN Mengru, GENG Zongxiao, HAN Xue, ZHAO Xu, XU Lei. Comparison of effect of different types of exercise on gait and balance for stroke patients[J]. Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice, 2025, 31(8): 896-905.

图/表 10

表1

表2

表3

表4

表5

表6

表7

表8

表9

表10

参考文献 43

[1]	HATHIDARA M Y, SAINI V, MALIK A M. Stroke in the young: a global update[J]. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep, 2019, 19(11): 91.
[2]	SAINI V, GUADA L, YAVAGAL D R. Global epidemiology of stroke and access to acute ischemic stroke interventions[J]. Neurology, 2021, 97(20 Suppl 2): S6-S16.
[3]	NEIL H P. Stroke rehabilitation[J]. Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am, 2023, 35(1): 95-99.
[4]	SELVES C, STOQUART G, LEJEUNE T. Gait rehabilitation after stroke: review of the evidence of predictors, clinical outcomes and timing for interventions[J]. Acta Neurol Belg, 2020, 120(4): 783-790. doi: 10.1007/s13760-020-01320-7 pmid: 32166723
[5]	DONNELLAN-FERNANDEZ K, IOAKIM A, HORDACRE B. Revisiting dose and intensity of training: opportunities to enhance recovery following stroke[J]. Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis, 2022, 31(11): 106789.
[6]	WINSTEIN C J, STEIN J, ARENA R, et al. Guidelines for Adult Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association[J]. Stroke, 2016, 47(6): e98-e169.
[7]	MARSDEN D L, DUNN A, CALLISTER R, et al. Characteristics of exercise training interventions to improve cardiorespiratory fitness after stroke: a systematic review with meta-analysis[J]. Neurorehabil Neural Repair, 2013, 27(9): 775-788. doi: 10.1177/1545968313496329 pmid: 23884014
[8]	KENDALL B J, GOTHE N P. Effect of aerobic exercise interventions on mobility among stroke patients: a systematic review[J]. Am J Phys Med Rehabil, 2016, 95(3): 214-224.
[9]	O'CONNOR C M, WHELLAN D J, LEE K L, et al. Efficacy and safety of exercise training in patients with chronic heart failure: HF-ACTION randomized controlled trial[J]. JAMA, 2009, 301(14): 1439-1450. doi: 10.1001/jama.2009.454 pmid: 19351941
[10]	TAYLOR J L, HOLLAND D J, SPATHIS J G, et al. Guidelines for the delivery and monitoring of high intensity interval training in clinical populations[J]. Prog Cardiovasc Dis, 2019, 62(2): 140-146. doi: S0033-0620(19)30031-3 pmid: 30685470
[11]	BUCHHEIT M, LAURSEN P B. High-intensity interval training, solutions to the programming puzzle: Part I: cardiopulmonary emphasis[J]. Sports Med, 2013, 43(5): 313-338. doi: 10.1007/s40279-013-0029-x pmid: 23539308
[12]	丛颖书, 王海旭, 武沫含, 等. 高强度间歇训练对脑卒中患者平衡及步行能力康复效果的Meta分析[J]. 中国康复医学杂志, 2022, 37(5): 666-670.
[13]	MARZOLINI S, ROBERTSON A D, MACINTOSH B J, et al. Effect of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training in people with poststroke gait dysfunction: a randomized clinical trial[J]. Am Heart Assoc, 2023, 12(22): e031532.
[14]	BOYNE P, DOREN S, SCHOLL V, et al. Preliminary outcomes of combined treadmill and overground high-intensity interval training in ambulatory chronic stroke[J]. Front Neurol, 2022, 13: 812875.
[15]	BARICICH A, BORG M B, BATTAGLIA M, et al. High-intensity exercise training impact on cardiorespiratory fitness, gait ability, and balance in stroke survivors: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Clin Med, 2024, 13(18): 5498.
[16]	中华医学会神经病学分会,中华医学会神经病学分会脑血管病学组. 中国各类主要脑血管病诊断要点2019[J]. 中华神经科杂志, 2019, 52(9): 710-715.
	Chinese Society of Neurology, Chinese Stroke Society. Main diagnostic points of cerebrovascular diseases in China, 2019[J]. Chin J Neurol, 2019, 52(9): 710-715.
[17]	BOYNE P, SCHOLL V, DOREN S, et al. Locomotor training intensity after stroke: effects of interval type and mode[J]. Top Stroke Rehabil, 2020, 27(7): 483-493. doi: 10.1080/10749357.2020.1728953 pmid: 32063178
[18]	GONZALO-SKOK O, SÁNCHEZ-SABATÉ J, TOUS-FAJARDO J, et al. Effects of direction-specific training interventions on physical performance and inter-limb asymmetries[J]. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2022, 19(3): 1029.
[19]	王人成, 张美芹. 人体步态时相对称性评价指标的对比研究[J]. 中国康复医学杂志, 2011, 26(10): 957-959.
[20]	谢玉宝, 郑凯, 徐新蕾, 等. 脑卒中3个月家庭步行能力恢复的预测因素[J]. 中国康复医学杂志, 2023, 38(3): 337-341.
	XIE Y B, ZHENG K, XU X L, et al. Prediction on household ambulation at 3 months after stroke[J]. Chin J Rehabil Med, 2023, 38(3): 337-341.
[21]	蔡童欣, 雷敏聪, 周逸钧, 等. 脑卒中恢复期患者计时起立步行测试的视频运动学分析[J]. 康复学报, 2023, 33(5): 412-418, 427.
	CAI T X, LEI M C, ZHOU Y J, et al. Video kinematic analysis of Timed Up and Go test in convalescent stroke patients[J]. Rehabil Med, 2023, 33(5): 412-418, 427.
[22]	金振华, 陈玲, 刘勇. 基于自我效能理论的数字化步行功能训练对脑卒中患者下肢功能的效果[J]. 中国康复理论与实践, 2023, 29(5): 504-509. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2023.05.002
	JIN Z H, CHEN L, LIU Y. Effect of self-efficacy-based intelligent walking training on function of lower extremities of stroke patients[J]. Chin J Rehabil Theory Pract, 2023, 29(5): 504-509.
[23]	贾胜男, 王寒明, 杨傲然, 等. 惯性步态设备评估脑卒中患者6分钟步行试验中的步态参数[J]. 中国实用神经疾病杂志, 2022, 25(8): 959-963.
	JIA S N, WANG H M, YANG A R, et al. Feasibility of using an inertial gait device to measure the gait parameters during 6-minute walking test in stroke patients[J]. Chin J Prac Nerv Dis, 2022, 25(8): 959-963.
[24]	韩诗雨, 赵国顺, 彭小柯, 等. 脑机接口外骨骼对卒中患者下肢康复疗效及皮层激活探究[J]. 中国康复医学杂志, 2025, 40(6): 830-840.
	HAN S Y, ZHAO G S, PENG X K, et al. Effects of brain-computer interface exoskeleton on lower limb rehabilitation and exploration of cortical activation in patients with stroke[J]. Chin J Rehabil Med, 2025, 40(6): 830-840.
[25]	PANG M Y, CHARLESWORTH S A, LAU R W, et al. Using aerobic exercise to improve health outcomes and quality of life in stroke: evidence-based exercise prescription recommendations[J]. Cerebrovasc Dis, 2013, 35(1): 7-22. doi: 10.1159/000346075 pmid: 23428993
[26]	KWAKKEL G. Impact of intensity of practice after stroke: issues for consideration[J]. Disabil Rehabil, 2006, 28(13/14): 823-830.
[27]	JURKIEWICZ M T, MARZOLINI S, OH P. Adherence to a home-based exercise program for individuals after stroke[J]. Top Stroke Rehabil, 2011, 18(3): 277-284. doi: 10.1310/tsr1803-277 pmid: 21642065
[28]	MILLER A, REISMAN D S, BILLINGER S A, et al. Moderate-intensity exercise versus high-intensity interval training to recover walking post-stroke: protocol for a randomized controlled trial[J]. Trials, 2021, 22(1): 457. doi: 10.1186/s13063-021-05419-x pmid: 34271979
[29]	BOYNE P, BILLINGER S A, REISMAN D S, et al. Optimal intensity and duration of walking rehabilitation in patients with chronic stroke: a randomized clinical trial[J]. JAMA Neurol, 2023, 80(4): 342-351. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2023.0033 pmid: 36822187
[30]	MONCION K, RODRIGUES L, WILEY E, et al. Aerobic exercise interventions for promoting cardiovascular health and mobility after stroke: a systematic review with Bayesian network meta-analysis[J]. Br J Sports Med, 2024, 58(7): 392-400.
[31]	CALVERLEY T A, OGOH S, MARLEY C J, et al. HIITing the brain with exercise: mechanisms, consequences and practical recommendations[J]. J Physiol, 2020, 598(13): 2513-2530.
[32]	BOYNE P, MEYROSE C, WESTOVER J, et al. Effects of exercise intensity on acute circulating molecular responses poststroke[J]. Neurorehabil Neural Repair, 2020, 34(3): 222-234. doi: 10.1177/1545968319899915 pmid: 31976813
[33]	LUCAS S J, COTTER J D, BRASSARD P, et al. High-intensity interval exercise and cerebrovascular health: curiosity, cause, and consequence[J]. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab, 2015, 35(6): 902-911.
[34]	LI Z, GUO H, YUAN Y, et al. The effect of moderate and vigorous aerobic exercise training on the cognitive and walking ability among stroke patients during different periods: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. PLoS One, 2024, 19(2): e0298339.
[35]	HSU C C, FU T C, HUANG S C, et al. Increased serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor with high-intensity interval training in stroke patients: a randomized controlled trial[J]. Ann Phys Rehabil Med, 2021, 64(4): 101385.
[36]	MACINNIS M J, GIBALA M J. Physiological adaptations to interval training and the role of exercise intensity[J]. J Physiol, 2017, 595(9): 2915-2930.
[37]	BISHOP D J, GRANATA C, EYNON N. Can we optimise the exercise training prescription to maximise improvements in mitochondria function and content?[J]. Biochim Biophys Acta, 2014, 1840(4): 1266-1275. doi: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.10.012 pmid: 24128929
[38]	MENG L, LIANG Q, YUAN J, et al. Vestibular rehabilitation therapy on balance and gait in patients after stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. BMC Med, 2023, 21(1): 322. doi: 10.1186/s12916-023-03029-9 pmid: 37626339
[39]	DADBAKHSH M S, HAGHPARAST A, NAKHOSTIN ANSARI N, et al. Translation, adaptation, and determining the intra-rater reliability of the Balance Evaluation Systems Test (BESTest) for Persian patients with chronic stroke[J]. Brain Sci, 2023, 13(12): 1674.
[40]	ELBOIM-GABYZON M, BUXBAUM R, KLEIN R. The effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on fall risk factors in healthy older adults: a systematic review[J]. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2021, 18(22): 11809.
[41]	WEWEGE M A, AHN D, YU J, et al. High-intensity interval training for patients with cardiovascular disease: Is it safe? A systematic review[J]. J Am Heart Assoc, 2018, 7(21): e009305.
[42]	TAYLOR J L, HOLLAND D J, KEATING S E, et al. Short-term and long-term feasibility, safety, and efficacy of high-intensity interval training in cardiac rehabilitation: The FITR heart study randomized clinical trial[J]. JAMA Cardiol, 2020, 5(12): 1382-1389.
[43]	杨青青. 高强度间歇训练对脑卒中非步行患者心肺功能影响的随机对照研究[D]. 济南: 山东中医药大学, 2023.
	YANG Q Q. The effect of high-intensity interval training on cardiorespiratory fitness for non-ambulatory stroke survivors: a randomized controlled trial[D]. Ji'nan: Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2023.

组别	n	性别 (男/女)/n	年龄/岁	病程/d	病变性质 (缺血/出血)/n	偏瘫侧 (左/右)/n	病变部位 (a/b/c/d/e)/n
对照组	32	16/16	58.13±7.061	60.91±16.231	19/13	21/11	6/6/0/17/3
MICT组	32	24/8	56.34±8.288	69.56±19.844	18/14	14/18	7/4/1/16/4
HIIT组	32	20/12	55.09±7.562	57.47±13.318	20/12	21/11	6/5/0/17/4
χ²/F值		4.267	1.268	2.177	0.259	4.200
P值		0.118	0.286	0.115	0.878	0.122	0.987^*

项目	组别	n	治疗前		治疗后
项目	组别	n	均值	标准差	均值	标准差
BBS评分	对照组	32	42.63	3.998	46.25	3.885
	MICT组	32	43.16	5.181	50.16	2.689
	HIIT组	32	43.34	4.037	50.78	2.697
6MWT距离/m	对照组	32	215.39	76.579	239.90	75.781
	MICT组	32	210.24	86.215	282.07	84.557
	HIIT组	32	219.10	80.923	337.26	86.416
TUGT时间/s	对照组	32	21.17	7.183	16.68	6.459
	MICT组	32	19.26	5.604	13.74	3.212
	HIIT组	32	20.57	4.919	11.46	2.170
10MWT时间/s	对照组	32	14.76	2.842	12.49	2.872
	MICT组	32	14.61	2.530	11.01	2.871
	HIIT组	32	15.14	2.815	9.51	2.897
FMA-LE评分	对照组	32	17.31	3.922	21.37	3.160
	MICT组	32	17.81	3.487	23.84	2.604
	HIIT组	32	18.03	3.623	27.94	2.510

变量		平方和	自由度	均方	F值	P值
BBS评分	组间	255.542	2	127.771	4.945	0.009
	组内	1740.021	1	1740.021	456.424	< 0.001
	组内×组间	139.292	2	69.646	18.629	< 0.001
6MWT距离	组间	83670.442	2	41835.221	42.144	< 0.001
	组内	245388.000	1	245388.000	1002.804	< 0.001
	组内×组间	70160.482	2	35080.241	143.395	< 0.001
TUGT时间	组间	311.131	2	155.565	9.427	< 0.001
	组内	1947.819	1	1947.819	351.683	< 0.001
	组内×组间	187.412	2	93.706	16.919	< 0.001
10MWT时间	组间	55.518	2	27.759	17.428	< 0.001
	组内	705.333	1	705.333	633.218	< 0.001
	组内×组间	91.838	2	45.919	43.177	< 0.001
FMA-LE评分	组间	428.948	2	214.474	11.716	< 0.001
	组内	2133.333	1	2133.333	729.999	< 0.001
	组内×组间	282.885	2	141.443	48.400	< 0.001

变量	组别	组别	平均值差	P值	95%CI
变量	组别	组别	平均值差	P值	上限	下限
BBS评分	对照组	MICT组	-2.220	0.015	-4.000	-0.440
	对照组	HIIT组	-2.620	0.004	-4.410	-0.830
	MICT组	HIIT组	-0.410	0.652	-2.190	1.370
6MWT距离	对照组	MICT组	-47.514	0.001	-77.863	-17.165
	对照组	HIIT组	-81.261	< 0.001	-111.611	-50.911
	MICT组	HIIT组	-49.022	0.014	-79.372	-18.672
TUGT时间	对照组	MICT组	2.423	0.005	1.016	3.830
	对照组	HIIT组	4.405	< 0.001	2.935	5.875
	MICT组	HIIT组	1.839	0.041	0.369	3.309
10MWT时间	对照组	MICT组	1.212	0.019	0.377	2.047
	对照组	HIIT组	2.521	< 0.001	1.686	3.356
	MICT组	HIIT组	1.142	0.037	0.342	1.942
FMA-LE评分	对照组	MICT组	-1.740	0.017	-2.990	-0.020
	对照组	HIIT组	-3.640	< 0.001	-5.140	-2.140
	MICT组	HIIT组	-2.160	0.005	-3.660	-0.650

项目	组别	n	治疗前		治疗后
项目	组别	n	均值	标准差	均值	标准差
平均压力SI	对照组	32	0.66	0.100	0.61	0.071
	MICT组	32	0.66	0.095	0.56	0.045
	HIIT组	32	0.65	0.082	0.53	0.039
足印面积SI	对照组	32	0.57	0.045	0.56	0.042
	MICT组	32	0.56	0.077	0.53	0.041
	HIIT组	32	0.56	0.076	0.50	0.039
身体质心前后向位移/cm	对照组	32	1.49	0.262	1.24	0.243
	MICT组	32	1.36	0.317	1.08	0.183
	HIIT组	32	1.38	0.208	0.90	0.214
身体质心内外向位移/cm	对照组	32	2.03	0.329	1.69	0.285
	MICT组	32	2.20	0.300	1.37	0.283
	HIIT组	32	2.09	0.282	1.08	0.227

不同运动模式对脑卒中患者步行及平衡功能的效果比较

Comparison of effect of different types of exercise on gait and balance for stroke patients

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 10

参考文献 43

相关文章 15

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0

变量		平方和	自由度	均方	F值	P值
平均压力SI	组间	0.062	2	0.031	9.746	< 0.001
	组内	0.389	1	0.389	241.141	< 0.001
	组内×组间	0.031	2	0.015	14.475	< 0.001
足印面积SI	组间	0.028	2	0.014	9.472	< 0.001
	组内	0.052	1	0.052	64.684	< 0.001
	组内×组间	0.015	2	0.008	10.562	< 0.001
身体质心前后向位移	组间	1.650	2	0.825	10.709	< 0.001
	组内	5.373	1	5.373	541.436	< 0.001
	组内×组间	0.490	2	0.245	24.698	< 0.001
身体质心内外向位移	组间	2.564	2	1.282	14.155	< 0.001
	组内	25.528	1	25.528	3916.037	< 0.001
	组内×组间	3.815	2	1.907	292.610	< 0.001

变量		平方和	自由度	均方	F值	P值
平均压力SI	组间	0.075	2	0.038	17.527	< 0.001
	组内	0.202	1	0.202	205.698	< 0.001
	组内×组间	0.065	2	0.033	33.378	< 0.001
足印面积SI	组间	0.022	2	0.011	4.275	0.024
	组内	0.045	1	0.045	107.730	< 0.001
	组内×组间	0.007	2	0.003	7.985	0.001
身体质心前后向位移距离	组间	0.257	2	0.128	10.481	< 0.001
	组内	2.293	1	2.293	550.320	< 0.001
	组内×组间	0.618	2	0.309	74.186	< 0.001
身体质心内外向位移距离	组间	0.374	2	0.187	53.512	< 0.001
	组内	7.211	1	7.211	1823.702	< 0.001
	组内×组间	1.101	2	0.550	139.208	< 0.001

[1]	王晓锋, 胡梦巧, 汪嫣, 魏坤, 徐文竹, 任丹, 马晔. 外骨骼机器人辅助步态训练对脑卒中和脊髓损伤下肢功能康复效果的系统综述[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2025, 31(8): 914-921.
[2]	孙婉婷, 艾丽皮乃·亚森, 龚翔, 肖悦, 甘兆丹, 刘铭洁, 曾兰婷, 马姝玥, 鲁俊, 许光旭. 基于运动序列学习探讨高频重复经颅磁刺激对脑卒中患者上肢功能的效果[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2025, 31(7): 812-821.
[3]	段林茹, 郑洁皎, 郑拥军, 丁建伟. 老年人与青年人姿势控制能力的差异[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2025, 31(7): 846-852.
[4]	刘兰群, 李艳丽, 梁家琦, 陈爽, 刘慧林. 头针结合计算机辅助训练对脑卒中后记忆障碍的效果[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2025, 31(7): 862-868.
[5]	刘璇, 高玲, 褚凤明, 陈杰, 张明. 脑机接口联合上肢康复机器人对脑卒中患者上肢功能的影响[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2025, 31(6): 703-710.
[6]	周天添, 张通, 张琦, 梁艳华, 张燕庆, 岳青, 李思佳. Lokomat机器人辅助步行训练对偏瘫儿童下肢运动功能的效果[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2025, 31(6): 711-720.
[7]	付国军, 余秀芳, 吕鑫, 吉璐, 刘华庆. 复合电磁刺激联合下颌抗阻训练对卒中后吞咽障碍的效果[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2025, 31(6): 721-728.
[8]	梁丹, 王卫宁, 李策, 吴越, 徐舒, 谢鸿宇, 吴毅, 朱玉连. 高压氧舱内同步脑仿生电刺激对脑卒中相关睡眠障碍的效果[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2025, 31(5): 497-504.
[9]	柏敏, 曹丽华, 叶子琦, 周定杰, 李雪萍. 肌电感知机器人辅助训练联合成对关联刺激对脑卒中偏瘫患者上肢功能的影响[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2025, 31(5): 505-512.
[10]	邹聪聪, 王潇珺, 马锦蓉, 鲁商波, 丁勇, 王哈妮, 宋建飞. 耳迷走神经电刺激联合双任务训练对缺血性脑卒中患者上肢功能的效果[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2025, 31(5): 513-519.
[11]	施滨, 徐宁, 周广雪. 镜像疗法应用于脑卒中运动功能康复的文献计量分析[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2025, 31(5): 561-572.
[12]	陈蒙晔, 曲庆明, 朱杰, 陈祥贵, 贾杰. 基于心肺运动试验的脑卒中偏瘫患者心肺适能的特征[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2025, 31(4): 441-447.
[13]	李鑫磊, 魏伟, 宋健, 赵雨晴, 孔维橙, 蔡嘉玉, 施浩然, 薛偕华. 静息态脑电图在脑卒中患者上肢运动功能评估中的应用[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2025, 31(4): 448-457.
[14]	刘鹏程, 屈萌艰, 龙黎萍, 王亚琳, 阳明珠, 刘培勇, 周君, 刘静. 多重感觉刺激模态的气电手训练系统联合低频重复经颅磁刺激对脑卒中患者手部运动和触压觉的效果[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2025, 31(4): 458-465.
[15]	苏盼盼, 叶朋, 卢倩, 何川, 陆晓. 视觉剥夺训练联合本体感觉训练对脑卒中偏瘫患者平衡功能的效果[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2025, 31(3): 254-263.

项目	组别	n	治疗前		治疗后
项目	组别	n	均值	标准差	均值	标准差
平均压力SI	对照组	32	0.69	0.088	0.66	0.079
	MICT组	32	0.67	0.093	0.61	0.062
	HIIT组	32	0.69	0.097	0.57	0.048
足印面积SI	对照组	32	0.58	0.060	0.56	0.045
	MICT组	32	0.57	0.068	0.54	0.047
	HIIT组	32	0.57	0.066	0.53	0.033
身体质心前后向位移距离/cm	对照组	32	1.75	0.354	1.68	0.346
	MICT组	32	1.75	0.386	1.51	0.317
	HIIT组	32	1.83	0.382	1.48	0.284
身体质心内外向位移距离/cm	对照组	32	2.39	0.448	2.22	0.382
	MICT组	32	2.55	0.416	2.06	0.397
	HIIT组	32	2.46	0.454	1.96	0.419