经皮穴位电刺激对慢性阻塞性肺疾病效果的Meta分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2026.04.006

《中国康复理论与实践》 ›› 2026, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (4): 426-436.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2026.04.006

经皮穴位电刺激对慢性阻塞性肺疾病效果的Meta分析

车蕊芯¹, 唐永甜¹, 潘世琴¹(), 童雅倩²

¹ 青海省人民医院外科，青海西宁市 810000
² 青海大学临床医学院，青海西宁市 810000

收稿日期:2025-07-29 修回日期:2026-01-07 出版日期:2026-04-25 发布日期:2026-05-06
通讯作者: 潘世琴，E-mail： 289662520@qq.com
作者简介:车蕊芯(1992-)，女，汉族，青海西宁市人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向：康复护理、肺康复和呼吸康复。
潘世琴(1987-)，女，汉族，青海西宁市人，硕士研究生导师，主要研究方向：康复护理和高原护理。
基金资助:
青海省"昆仑英才·高端创新创业人才"项目

Effect of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a meta-analysis

CHE Ruixin¹, TANG Yongtian¹, PAN Shiqin¹(), TONG Yaqian²

¹ Department of Surgery, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining, Qinghai 810000, China
² Clinical Medical College of Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai 810000, China

Received:2025-07-29 Revised:2026-01-07 Published:2026-04-25 Online:2026-05-06
Contact: PAN Shiqin，E-mail: 289662520@qq.com
Supported by:
Qinghai Province High-end Innovation and Entrepreneurship Talent Top Talent Project

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探讨经皮穴位电刺激(TEAS)对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)肺功能、运动耐力和临床症状的干预效果。

方法系统检索中国知网、万方数据库、维普、中国生物医学文献服务系统、PubMed、Embase和Cochrane Library中关于TEAS对COPD干预效果的随机对照试验(RCT)，检索期限从建库至2025年3月。由2名研究人员独立筛选文献和提取资料，采用Cochrane评价手册5.1.0版RCT偏倚风险评估工具和PEDro量表对纳入文献进行质量评价。采用RevMan 5.4进行统计学分析。

结果共纳入11篇文献，涉及542例患者。PEDro量表评分5~9分。TEAS显著改善第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV₁) (MD = 0.19, 95%CI 0.08~0.29, P < 0.001)，FEV₁与用力肺活量比值(MD = 5.15, 95%CI 4.21~6.09, P < 0.001)，FEV₁占预计值百分比(MD = 8.46, 95%CI 5.71~11.22, P < 0.001)，呼气峰流速(MD = 0.18, 95%CI 0.05~0.31, P = 0.006)，COPD评估测试评分(MD = -3.60, 95%CI -4.81~-2.40, P < 0.001)；6分钟步行测试距离虽有增加(MD = 25.97, 95%CI 7.88~44.05, P = 0.005)，但在敏感性分析后未达最小临床阈值。亚组分析显示，多穴位联合干预效果优于单一穴位(MD = 0.29 vs. 0.12)，干预1~2周效果最佳(MD = 0.37)。TEAS联合常规药物或运动训练具有协同增强作用。

结论 TEAS有助于改善COPD患者的肺功能和临床症状。TEAS与常规干预联合应用具有协同增强作用。

关键词: 慢性阻塞性肺疾病, 经皮穴位电刺激, Meta分析

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the effect of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) on pulmonary function, exercise endurance and clinical symptoms in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Methods Randomized controlled trials on the effect of TEAS on COPD were systematically searched in CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP Database, SinoMed, PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library from inception to March, 2025. Two researchers independently screened the literature and extracted data. The methodological quality of the included researches was assessed using the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 5.1.0 risk-of-bias tool and the PEDro scale. Statistical analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4.

Results A total of eleven studies involving 542 patients were included. Scores of PEDro scale ranged from five to nine. TEAS significantly improved forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV₁) (MD = 0.19, 95%CI 0.08 to 0.29, P < 0.001), FEV₁/forced vital capacity (MD = 5.15, 95%CI 4.21 to 6.09, P < 0.001), FEV₁% predicted (MD = 8.46, 95%CI 5.71 to 11.22, P < 0.001), peak expiratory flow (MD = 0.18, 95%CI 0.05 to 0.31, P = 0.006), and COPD Assessment Test (CAT) score (MD = -3.60, 95%CI -4.81 to -2.40, P < 0.001). Distance of 6-minute walk test increased significantly (MD = 25.97, 95%CI 7.88 to 44.05, P = 0.005), however, after sensitivity analysis, the magnitude of improvement was limited and did not reach the minimal clinically important difference threshold. Subgroup analysis showed that multi-acupoint intervention was more effective than single-acupoint intervention (MD = 0.29 vs. 0.12), and one to two weeks of intervention was the most effective (MD = 0.37). TEAS combined with conventional medication or exercise training showed synergistic benefits.

Conclusion TEAS helps improve pulmonary function and clinical symptoms in patients with COPD. TEAS combined with conventional interventions may produce synergistically enhanced effects.

Key words: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation, meta-analysis

中图分类号:

R563.9

车蕊芯, 唐永甜, 潘世琴, 童雅倩. 经皮穴位电刺激对慢性阻塞性肺疾病效果的Meta分析[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2026, 32(4): 426-436.

CHE Ruixin, TANG Yongtian, PAN Shiqin, TONG Yaqian. Effect of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a meta-analysis[J]. Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice, 2026, 32(4): 426-436.

图/表 8

表1

图1

表2

纳入文献基本特征"

纳入文献	疾病分期	性别(男/女)/n		年龄/岁		对照组措施	试验组措施	干预参数	结局指标
纳入文献	疾病分期	C	T	C	T	对照组措施	试验组措施	干预参数	结局指标
寿依群等^[16](2014)	稳定期	4/11	6/9	70.0 ±9.2	68.3 ±10.2	同穴位贴电极但不通电流+常规治疗	TEAS肺俞穴	频率：4 Hz 波宽：200 μs 强度：患者可耐受最大值频次：每次40 min，每天1次，共4周	①②③
李姝等^[17](2024)	稳定期	17/13	20/13	61.29 ±7.12	62.38 ±7.52	同穴位贴电极但不通电流+常规治疗	TEAS肺俞、肾俞、定喘、足三里	频率：2 Hz 频次：每次40 min，隔天1次，共4周	②④⑤⑥
王芳等^[18](2025)	急性加重期	19/16	18/17	62.36 ±8.69	63.97 ±8.61	单纯常规药物治疗(支气管扩张剂、糖皮质激素等)	TEAS丰隆、足三里、肺俞、脾俞、膻中、大椎、太渊、定喘、中府	强度：局部肌肉轻度跳动患者可耐受频次：每次30 min，每天1次，连续7 d	①④
谷静等^[19](2023)	稳定期	15/15	17/13	59.57 ±4.98	61.23 ±5.72	下肢运动训练每次30 min，每周3次，共4周	TEAS定喘、肺俞、肾俞、足三里，下肢运动训练同对照组	频率：2 Hz 强度：患者可耐受最大值频次：每次40 min，每周3次，共4周	①④⑤⑥
谢德娟等^[20](2021)	稳定期	20/15	24/11	63.5 ±12.4	63.5 ±10.7	肺俞、中府相邻区域给予TEAS+常规治疗	TEAS肺俞、中府	频率：100 Hz 波宽：200 μs 强度：患者可耐受最大值频次：每次20 min，每天1次，连续10 d	①④⑤
Lau等^[21] (2008)	稳定期	12/11	19/4	73.7 ±6.8	77.5 ±6.5	同穴位贴电极但不通电流+常规治疗	TEAS定喘穴	频率：4 Hz 脉宽：200 μs 强度：患者可耐受最大值频次：每次45 min，单次	①
Fernández-Jané等^[22](2023)	急性加重期	6/2	5/6	71.3 ±3.4	62.4 ±7.7	同穴位贴电极但不通电流+常规治疗	TEAS定喘穴	频率：2 Hz 脉宽：200 μs 强度：患者可耐受最大值频次：每次45 min，每天1次，至出院	③
Jones等^[23] (2011)	稳定期	14/8	11/11	69.3 ±2.4	69.0 ±2.3	同穴位贴电极但不通电流+常规治疗	TEAS定喘穴	频率：2 Hz 脉宽：200 μs 频次：每次45 min，单次	①③
Ngai等^[24] (2010)	稳定期	10/0	9/1	69.7 ±2.4	73.8 ±2.0	同穴位贴电极但不通电流+常规治疗	TEAS定喘穴	频率：2 Hz 脉宽：200 μs 频次：每次45 min，每天1次，共4周	①⑤
Liu等^[25](2015)	稳定期	15/10	10/15	66.4 ±9.36	66.04 ±8.815	多穴位贴电极但不通电+常规治疗	TEAS肺俞、肾俞、定喘、足三里	频率：2 Hz 频次：每次40 min，每2天1次，共4周	②⑤⑥
Öncü等^[26](2017)	急性加重期	26/9	28/7	66.5 ±5.8	66.9 ±6.2	同穴位贴电极但不通电流+常规治疗	TEAS定喘、列缺穴	频率：4 Hz 脉宽：200 μs 强度：患者可耐受最大值频次：每次45 min，每天1次，共20次	①

表2

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图3

表3

表4

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纳入文献	明确的纳入与排除标准	随机分配	分配隐藏	基线相似	研究对象盲	评估者盲	失访率< 15%	意向性治疗	组间统计分析	点测量和差异值	总分
寿依群等^[16](2014)	√	√		√	√		√		√	√	6
李姝等^[17](2024)	√	√	√	√	√		√		√	√	7
王芳等^[18](2025)	√	√		√			√		√	√	5
谷静等^[19](2023)	√	√		√			√		√	√	5
谢德娟等^[20](2021)	√	√		√	√		√		√	√	6
Lau等^[21](2008)	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	9
Fernández-Jané^[22](2023)	√	√	√	√	√	√			√	√	7
Jones等^[23](2011)	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	9
Ngai等^[24](2010)	√	√	√	√	√	√	√		√	√	8
Liu等^[25](2015)	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	9
Öncü等^[26](2017)	√	√		√	√		√		√	√	6

结局指标	纳入研究数/n	异质性检验		Meta分析结果		效应模型
结局指标	纳入研究数/n	I²值	P值	MD (95%CI)	P值	效应模型
FEV₁	8^{[16,18-21,23-24,26]}	77.7%	< 0.001	0.19(0.08, 0.29)	< 0.001	随机效应模型
FEV₁/FVC	4^[17-20]	0%	0.395	5.15(4.21,6.09)	< 0.001	固定效应模型
FEV₁%	3^[16-17,25]	0%	0.359	8.46(5.71,11.22)	< 0.001	固定效应模型
PEF	3^[16,22-23]	0%	0.589	0.18(0.05,0.31)	0.006	固定效应模型
6MWT	5^{[17,19 -20,24 -25]}	90.1%	< 0.001	25.97(7.88,44.05)	0.005	随机效应模型
CAT	3^[17,19,25]	0%	0.546	-3.6(-4.81,-2.40)	< 0.001	固定效应模型

亚组分类		纳入研究数	异质性检验		Meta分析结果		效应模型
亚组分类		纳入研究数	I²值	P值	MD (95%CI)	P值	效应模型
疾病阶段	稳定期	6^{[16,19-21,23-24]}	56.1%	0.044	0.17(0.09,0.25)	< 0.001	随机效应模型
疾病阶段	急性加重期	2^[18,26]	87.7%	0.004	0.21(-0.25,0.66)	0.379	随机效应模型
干预类型	安慰剂对照组	5^{[16,21,23-24,26]}	0%	0.581	0.12(0.08,0.16)	< 0.001	固定效应模型
干预类型	常规疗法联合干预组	3^[18-20]	9.2%	0.332	0.36(0.28,0.44)	< 0.001	固定效应模型
穴位选择	多穴位联合	4^[18-20,26]	66%	0.032	0.29(0.14,0.43)	< 0.001	随机效应模型
穴位选择	单一穴位	4^{[16,21,23-24]}	0%	0.659	0.12(0.08,0.17)	< 0.001	固定效应模型
干预时间	单次干预组	2^[21,23]	35.3%	0.214	0.12(0.07,0.17)	< 0.001	固定效应模型
	短期干预组(1~2周)	2^[18,20]	49.6%	0.159	0.37(0.27,0.47)	< 0.001	固定效应模型
	长期干预组(3~4周)	4^{[16,19,24,26]}	62.6%	0.046	0.16(0.01,0.31)	0.037	随机效应模型

经皮穴位电刺激对慢性阻塞性肺疾病效果的Meta分析

Effect of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a meta-analysis

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