目的 分析心血管病预防知识水平与老年人理想心血管健康行为和健康因素的相关性。方法 2015年12月至2016年5月,采用一般资料调查表、心血管病预防知识问卷、心血管健康评分表对便利选取的400名社区老年人进行调查。按照心血管病预防知识得分的高低,将其分为低、中和高水平组。结果 有效回收问卷390份(97.5%)。高水平组占13.85%。除总胆固醇外,三组心血管健康指标的三种状态分布情况均有显著性差异(χ2>9.974, P<0.05)。心血管病预防知识水平与心血管健康评分总分、健康行为得分、健康因素得分呈正相关(r>0.354, P<0.01)。三组在心血管健康总分、健康行为得分和健康因素得分,不同理想心血管健康指标组合分布及平均理想项数方面均有非常高度显著性差异(F>8.961, χ2=13.942, P<0.001)。结论 心血管病预防知识水平与老年人心血管健康行为和健康因素呈正相关,心血管健康总分、健康行为得分、健康因素得分及理想心血管健康组合项目数随心血管病预防知识水平的升高而增加。
Objective To analyze the relationship between knowledge on cardiovascular disease prevention and ideal cardiovascular health behaviors and factors in community elderly. Methods From December, 2015 to May, 2016, totally 400 elderly in communities without overt cardiovascular disease were conveniently sampled. The level of knowledge on cardiovascular disease prevention was measured by self-designed cardiovascular disease prevention questionnaire. And each of the ideal cardiovascular health components was collected. Results A total of 390 responses were valid. 13.85% community elderly were with high level of the knowledge. There were significant differences in the distribution of cardiovascular health indexes among various leves of the knowledge groups (χ2 >9.974, P<0.05), except cholesterol (P>0.05). The level of the knowledge was positively correlated with the scores of cardiovascular health behaviors and health factors (r>0.354, P<0.01). The cardiovascular health score, health behaviors score, health factors score and number of ideal cardiovascular health indexes were significantly different among various levels of the knowledge groups (F>8.961, P<0.001). Conclusion The level of knowledge on cardiovascular disease prevention was positively correlated with cardiovascular health behavior and health factors. The scores of cardiovascular health score, health behaviors score and health factors increased with the improvement of knowledge on cardiovascular disease prevention.
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