目的 调查农村残疾人的康复训练需求及技能保障现状。方法 2017年10月至2018年2月,利用自拟问卷,选择陕西省西安市5个乡23个村5~80岁的残疾人800例,对其基本情况、残疾情况及训练计划、康复训练需求支持、康复技能保障现状等方面进行访谈和问卷调查。结果 研究对象主要分布于年龄50~80岁(58.37%),男性(65.37%),初中及以下文化程度(46.63%),已婚(70.63%),与家人同住(77.38%),收入<2000元(66%),经济来源于家庭劳动所得(62.62%);残疾三级(40.63%),偏瘫(30.63%),生活依赖(45.38%),无系统康复计划(55.25%);康复训练需求主要为生活自理能力康复训练(40%),现场指导(30.63%),农合医疗报销(50.63%),有社会活动参与性愿望(41.87%)。康复技能保障现状：康复技能实施点为机动或无(67.58%),康复训练监管者偶有或无(48.88%),康复知识普及程度不明白或不清楚(64.25%),专业继续教育未接受过培训(40%)。结论 应加强农村残疾人康复训练的技术支持保障和系统管理。

Objective To investigate the rehabilitation needs and technical support for people with disabilities in rural areas. Methods From October, 2017 to February, 2018, 800 persons with disabilities, aged five to 80 years, from 23 villages in five township, Xi'an, Shaanxi, were surveyed with self-designed questionnaire and interview, including the basic situation, disability and training plan, rehabilitation support and skills maintained. Results The persons were mainly aged 50 to 80 years (58.37%), male (65.37%), accepting middle school education or less (46.63%), married (70.63%), living with their family (77.38%), income less than 2000 Yuan (66%), mainly from their family labor (62.62%). Their disabilities were mainly of grade 3 (40.63%), from hemiplegia (30.63%), dependence in living (45.38%), and no systematic rehabilitation program (55.25%). Most of them needed rehabilitation of self-care (40%), accessible guidance (30.63%) and reimbursement from medicare of Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme (50.63%), and hoped to participate social activities (41.87%). The rehabilitation supports were as that: the rehabilitation services were mobile or none (67.58%), the guiders of rehabilitation were few or none (48.88%), knew some or less rehabilitation knowledge (64.25%), the professionals accepted no continue education training (40%).Conclusion It is important to improve the rehabilitation technical support system for rural people with disabilities.