《中国康复理论与实践》 ›› 2022, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (9): 1039-1048.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2022.09.006
收稿日期:
2021-12-22
修回日期:
2022-04-15
出版日期:
2022-09-25
发布日期:
2022-10-08
通讯作者:
王振宇
E-mail:wangzhenyudr@163.com
作者简介:
任开新(1993-),男,汉族,云南文山市人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向:骨科康复,疼痛康复。|王振宇(1980-),男,黑龙江哈尔滨市人,博士,主任医师,硕士生导师,主要研究方向:针灸推拿。
基金资助:
REN Kaixin1,LI Lingcong1,WANG Xiujing1,MA Liying2,WANG Zhenyu1()
Received:
2021-12-22
Revised:
2022-04-15
Published:
2022-09-25
Online:
2022-10-08
Contact:
WANG Zhenyu
E-mail:wangzhenyudr@163.com
Supported by:
摘要:
目的 评估肩袖损伤的非手术治疗的总体治疗效应以及情景效应比例(PCE)。
方法 从PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、CINAHL、中国知网和万方数据库检索从建库至2020年10月关于肩袖损伤非手术治疗的随机对照试验(RCT)。由2名研究者独立进行文献筛选、资料提取和质量评价,采用STATA 15.0软件进行Meta分析。
结果 纳入40项研究,2 976例患者。疼痛总PCE为0.61 (95%CI 0.54~0.69)。各项治疗的PCE由大到小依次为皮质类固醇注射治疗、体外冲击波治疗、口服非甾体抗炎药、手法治疗、透明质酸注射治疗、富血小板血浆注射治疗、激光治疗、非甾体抗炎药注射治疗、针刺治疗。功能和活动范围的总PCE分别为0.69 (95%CI 0.61~0.77)和0.62 (95%CI 0.48~0.81)。盲法、在发达国家开展的研究、较长的治疗疗程均能增加疼痛的PCE。
结论 肩袖损伤非手术治疗效果中,61%与情景效应有关,较高的PCE可能是导致临床实践与临床研究结论不一致的原因。
中图分类号:
任开新,李灵聪,王秀静,马力颖,王振宇. 肩袖损伤非手术治疗效果中情景效应比例的Meta分析[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2022, 28(9): 1039-1048.
REN Kaixin,LI Lingcong,WANG Xiujing,MA Liying,WANG Zhenyu. Proportion of contextual effect of non-surgical treatments for rotator cuff injuries: a meta-analysis[J]. 《Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice》, 2022, 28(9): 1039-1048.
表1
纳入研究基本特征"
纳入研究 | 国家 | n | 年龄/岁 | 干预措施 | 治疗 次数 | 疗程 | 基础 治疗 | 止痛药物 | 结局指标 | 随访 时间 | Jadad 评分 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
试验组 | 对照组 | |||||||||||
Alvarez-Nemegyei等[ | 墨西哥 | 56 | 52.5±8.9 | CS+利多卡因 | 利多卡因 | 1 | < 1周 | 理疗 | NSAIDs | VAS/SDQ/ ROM | 6个月 | 6 |
Alvarez等[ | 加拿大 | 58 | 48.1±13.1 | CS+利多卡因 | 利多卡因 | 1 | < 1周 | 未提及 | 未提及 | VAS/DASH | 3个月 | 7 |
Penning等[ | 荷兰 | 149 | 53.0±10.1 | HA+利多卡因;CS+利多卡因 | NS+利多卡因 | 3 | 6周 | 无 | 扑热息痛 | VAS/SDQ | 3~4.5个月 | 7 |
Akgün等[ | 土耳其 | 32 | 48.5±8.5 | CS+利多卡因 | 利多卡因 | 2 | 20 d | 运动 | 萘普生 | VAS/CMS | 3个月 | 3 |
Petri等[ | 美国 | 75 | 无数据 | CS+利多卡因+NSAIDs;利多卡因+NSAIDs | 利多卡+CS+安慰剂;利多卡因+安慰剂 | 1 | 30 d | 运动 | 扑热息痛 | VAS/临床指数/ROM | 1个月 | 6 |
Hong等[ | 韩国 | 54 | 50.8±9.9 | CS+利多卡因 | 利多卡因 | 1 | < 1周 | 运动 | 禁止使用 | VAS/SDQ/ ROM | 8周 | 7 |
Kesikburun等[ | 土耳其 | 40 | 48.5±11.4 | PRP+利多卡因 | NS+利多卡因 | 1 | < 1周 | 运动 | 扑热息痛 | VAS/SPADI | 12个月 | 7 |
Schwitzguebel 等[ | 瑞士 | 80 | 47.9±13.9 | PRP | NS | 2 | 8周 | 无 | 扑热息痛 | VAS/CMS | 12个月 | 6 |
Cai等[ | 中国 | 136 | 40.2±8.2 | PRP+利多卡因;HA+利多卡因 | NS+利多卡因 | 4 | 4周 | 未提及 | 未提及 | VAS/CMS | 6个月 | 5 |
Rha等[ | 韩国 | 30 | 53.0±10.5 | PRP+利多卡因 | 干针刺+利多卡因 | 2 | 4周 | 运动 | 扑热息痛 | VAS/SPADI | 6个月 | 5 |
Chou等[ | 中国 | 51 | 51.8±8.4 | HA | NS | 5 | 5周 | 无 | 未提及 | VAS/CMS | 1周 | 6 |
Moghtaderi等[ | 伊朗 | 40 | 无数据 | HA | NS | 3 | 3周 | 未提及 | 未提及 | VAS/CMS | 3周 | 4 |
Itzkowitch等[ | 英格兰 | 77 | 58.0±12.0 | NSAIDs注射 | 安慰剂注射 | 4 | 4周 | 未提及 | 扑热息痛 | VAS/临床指数/ROM | 4周 | 5 |
Devereaux等[ | 加拿大 | 67 | 47.4±12.4 | NSAIDs+运动 | 运动 | 4 | 2周 | 运动 | 未提及 | VAS/CMS/ ROM | 2周 | 4 |
Petri等[ | 美国 | 306 | 49.1±12.3 | 口服NSAIDs | 安慰剂 | 28 | 2周 | 未提及 | 未提及 | VAS/患者满意度/ROM | 2周 | 4 |
Abrisham等[ | 伊朗 | 80 | 51.7±6.2 | 激光 | 假激光 | 10 | 2周 | 运动 | 无 | VAS/ROM | 2 周 | 4 |
Yeldan等[ | 土耳其 | 60 | 55.2±8.7 | 激光 | 假激光 | 15 | 3周 | 运动 | 未提及 | VAS/SDQ/ ROM | 3 周 | 5 |
Elsodany等[ | 埃及 | 60 | 50.2±3.7 | 激光 | 假激光 | 12 | 4周 | 运动 | 未提及 | VAS/SPADI/ROM | 0周 | 5 |
Dogan等[ | 土耳其 | 52 | 53.6±11.3 | 激光 | 假激光 | 14 | 3周 | 运动 | 未提及 | VAS/SPADI/ROM | 0周 | 7 |
Kibar等[ | 土耳其 | 62 | 60.0±10.0 | 激光 | 假激光 | 15 | 3周 | 运动 | 扑热息痛 | VAS/SPADI/ROM | 1 个月 | 5 |
Vecchio等[ | 英格兰 | 35 | 52.0±16.3 | 激光 | 假激光 | 16 | 8周 | 运动 | 扑热息痛 | VAS/VAS/功能 | 2个月 | 4 |
Kelle等[ | 土耳其 | 90 | 50.7±10.2 | 激光 | 假激光 | 9 | 3周 | 运动 | 扑热息痛 | VAS/UCLA肩关节评分 | 6个月 | 1 |
Eslamian等[ | 伊朗 | 50 | 50.2±12.1 | 激光 | 无 | 10 | 3周 | 运动 | NSAIDs | VAS/SDQ/ROM | 3周 | 5 |
Vas等[ | 西班牙 | 322 | 55.7±11.3 | 针刺 | 经皮神经电刺激 | 3 | 3周 | 运动 | NSAIDs/止痛药 | VAS/CMS | 12个月 | 7 |
Lathia等[ | 美国 | 20 | 61.9±4.6 | 针刺 | 假针刺 | 12 | 6周 | 运动 | 未提及 | VAS/SPADI | 1.5个月 | 5 |
Rueda等[ | 西班牙 | 68 | 33.4±12.5 | 针刺 | 假针刺 | 4 | 4周 | 未提及 | 未提及 | VAS/UCLA肩关节评分 | 0周 | 4 |
Kvalvaag等[ | 挪威 | 130 | 46.8±10.2 | ESWT | 假ESWT | 4 | 4周 | 运动 | 未提及 | VAS/SPADI | 12个月 | 6 |
Li等[ | 中国 | 84 | 47.7±9.9 | ESWT | 假ESWT | 5 | 15天 | 未提及 | 未提及 | VAS/CMS | 2个月 | 7 |
Ko等[ | 中国 | 31 | 53.1±2.7 | ESWT | 假ESWT | 1 | < 1周 | 运动 | 扑热息痛 | VAS/CMS/ ROM | 12个月 | 6 |
Kolk等[ | 荷兰 | 69 | 46.9±9.1 | ESWT | 假ESWT | 3 | 6周 | 无 | 止痛药 | VAS/CMS | 6个月 | 7 |
Speed等[ | 英国 | 74 | 52.0±11.4 | ESWT | 假ESWT | 3 | 12周 | 无 | 无 | VAS/SPADI | 6个月 | 4 |
Galasso等[ | 意大利 | 20 | 50.9±10.6 | ESWT | 假ESWT | 2 | 2周 | 未提及 | 扑热息痛 | VAS/CMS | 3个月 | 3 |
Bennell等[ | 澳大利亚 | 120 | 59.3±10.1 | 手法治疗 | 假治疗 | 10 | 10周 | 无 | 止痛药 | VAS/SPADI | 22周 | 7 |
Delgado-Gil等[ | 西班牙 | 42 | 55.0±9.0 | 手法治疗 | 假治疗 | 4 | 2周 | 无 | 禁止使用 | VAS/ROM | 1 d | 5 |
Haik等[ | 西班牙 | 55 | 32.5±12.0 | 手法治疗 | 假治疗 | 2 | < 1周 | 未提及 | 未提及 | VAS/DASH | 2 d | 4 |
Bertrand等[ | 加拿大 | 53 | 53.8±13.5 | 葡萄糖+利多卡因 | 利多卡因 | 3 | 3月 | 运动 | 对乙酰氨基酚 | VAS | 3个月 | 6 |
Lin等[ | 中国 | 31 | 46.3±5.7 | 葡萄糖+利多卡因 | 利多卡因 | 1 | < 1周 | 未提及 | 未提及 | VAS/SPADI/ROM | 2周 | 6 |
Yilmaz等[ | 土耳其 | 28 | 51.6±9.7 | SWD | 假SWD | 10 | 2周 | 运动 冷敷 | 美洛昔康 | VAS/SDQ/ ROM | 2个月 | 7 |
Galace de Freitas等[ | 巴西 | 46 | 50.5±8.9 | PEMF | 假PEMF | 9 | 3周 | 运动 | 未提及 | VAS/CMS | 1 d | 6 |
Aceituno-Gómez等[ | 西班牙 | 43 | 59.1±9.1 | 激光 | 假激光 | 15 | 3周 | 运动 | 止痛药 | VAS/SPADI/ROM | 3个月 | 2 |
表2
肩袖损伤非手术治疗措施的治疗效应与PCE"
结局指标 | 治疗措施 | 研究数量 | 样本量 | 治疗效应 (95% CI) | I2/% | PCE (95% CI) | I2/% |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
疼痛 | 皮质类固醇注射 | 6 | 314 | 1.12 (0.77~1.62) | 58.4 | 0.79 (0.56~1.10) | 46.1 |
富血小板血浆注射 | 4 | 219 | 2.05 (1.31~3.21) | 42.9 | 0.60 (0.39~0.91) | 78.6 | |
透明质酸注射 | 4 | 231 | 1.47 (0.70~3.11) | 85.0 | 0.62 (0.37~1.03) | 75.0 | |
增生疗法 | 2 | 84 | 2.53 (0.56~11.5) | 76.3 | 0.62 (0.41~0.95) | 3.5 | |
NSAIDs 注射 | 1 | 77 | 2.18 (1.23~3.85) | - | 0.36 (0.23~0.55) | - | |
NSAIDs口服 | 3 | 410 | 1.10 (0.91~1.33) | 0 | 0.76 (0.60~0.95) | 0 | |
激光治疗 | 9 | 532 | 1.93 (1.40~2.66) | 49.3 | 0.54 (0.42~0.69) | 82.3 | |
针刺治疗 | 3 | 410 | 1.66 (1.32~2.09) | 0 | 0.36 (0.28~0.46) | 0 | |
体外冲击波治疗 | 6 | 408 | 1.24 (0.83~1.87) | 67.1 | 0.76 (0.51~1.13) | 78.0 | |
手法 | 3 | 217 | 0.59 (0.34~1.02) | 72.1 | 0.72 (0.47~1.12) | 0 | |
其他 | 2 | 74 | 1.71 (0.74~3.97) | 46.2 | 0.41 (0.10~1.73) | 85.6 | |
合计 | 43 | 2976 | 1.41 (1.20~1.65) | 69.9 | 0.61 (0.54~0.69) | 78.1 | |
功能 | 皮质类固醇注射 | 6 | 314 | 1.13 (0.81~1.56) | 49.1 | 0.83 (0.60~1.14) | 37.0 |
富血小板血浆注射 | 4 | 219 | 2.14 (0.75~6.16) | 86.2 | 0.54 (0.29~1.00) | 75.0 | |
透明质酸注射 | 4 | 231 | 1.29 (0.47~3.54) | 90.8 | 0.47 (0.17~1.30) | 82.0 | |
增生疗法 | 1 | 31 | 0.85 (0.41~1.76) | - | 0.33 (0.05~2.20) | - | |
NSAIDs 注射 | 1 | 77 | 1.67 (0.99~2.81) | - | 0.46 (0.30~0.73) | - | |
NSAIDs口服 | 3 | 410 | 1.75 (0.92~3.32) | 73.5 | 0.71 (0.60~0.84) | 41.1 | |
激光治疗 | 8 | 452 | 1.39 (1.06~1.83) | 31.0 | 0.73 (0.53~0.99) | 77.6 | |
针刺治疗 | 3 | 472 | 1.83 (1.47~2.27) | 0 | 0.53 (0.46~0.62) | 0 | |
体外冲击波治疗 | 6 | 408 | 1.18 (0.90~1.55) | 28.9 | 0.79 (0.65~0.97) | 35.4 | |
手法 | 2 | 175 | 1.75 (0.54~5.66) | 84.6 | 0.27 (0.02~3.48) | 87.7 | |
其他 | 2 | 75 | 1.10 (0.67~1.81) | 0 | 0.63 (0.26~1.51) | 41.6 | |
合计 | 40 | 2864 | 1.37 (1.17~1.62) | 69.7 | 0.69 (0.61~0.77) | 71.9 | |
ROM | 合计 | 16 | 1034 | 1.02 (0.72~1.43) | 81.6 | 0.62 (0.48~0.81) | 84.0 |
表3
疼痛亚组分析结果"
亚组 | 研究数量 | n | 治疗效应 (95% CI) | I2/% | PCE (95% CI) | I2/% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
疗程 | ≤ 4周 | 30 | 2196 | 1.53 (1.25~1.88) | 73.9 | 0.57 (0.48~0.67) | 82.5 |
> 4周 | 13 | 780 | 1.16 (0.94~1.44) | 47.6 | 0.73 (0.61~0.86) | 32.9 | |
参与者年龄 | < 40岁 | 3 | 190 | 1.38 (0.59~3.22) | 85.7 | 0.40 (0.26~0.63) | 25.4 |
40~50岁 | 11 | 966 | 1.20 (0.91~1.58) | 69.9 | 0.75 (0.59~0.97) | 71.9 | |
50~60岁 | 27 | 1738 | 1.47 (1.20~1.82) | 68.6 | 0.61 (0.53~0.70) | 74.6 | |
≥ 60岁 | 2 | 82 | 2.71 (1.44~5.10) | 0 | 0.15 (0.07~0.33) | 0 | |
损伤类型 | 肩袖肌腱炎 | 18 | 1585 | 1.38 (1.10~1.74) | 70.0 | 0.57 (0.48~0.67) | 76.9 |
肩峰撞击综合征 | 16 | 940 | 1.21 (0.91~1.60) | 73.5 | 0.71 (0.55~0.91) | 75.4 | |
肩袖肌腱撕裂 | 7 | 377 | 1.98 (1.50~2.63) | 22.6 | 0.57 (0.42~0.77) | 75.1 | |
给药途径 | 注射治疗 | 17 | 925 | 1.54 (1.16~2.05) | 71.6 | 0.64 (0.53~0.77) | 67.5 |
口服药物 | 3 | 410 | 1.10 (0.91~1.33) | 0 | 0.76 (0.60~0.95) | 0 | |
物理治疗 | 23 | 1641 | 1.42 (1.13~1.80) | 72.4 | 0.56 (0.46~0.69) | 82.9 | |
是否充分隐藏 | 是 | 24 | 1665 | 1.36 (1.07~1.73) | 75.8 | 0.64 (0.52~0.78) | 84.7 |
否 | 19 | 1311 | 1.49 (1.22~1.82) | 56.9 | 0.58 (0.50~0.67) | 56.1 | |
患者是否盲法 | 是 | 32 | 2117 | 1.34 (1.10~1.62) | 73.1 | 0.65 (0.57~0.75) | 71.5 |
否 | 11 | 859 | 1.68 (1.26~2.22) | 55.6 | 0.52 (0.41~0.67) | 77.2 | |
国家经济水平 | 发展中国家 | 19 | 1029 | 1.89 (1.44~2.47) | 65.1 | 0.55 (0.46~0.67) | 80.4 |
发达国家 | 24 | 1947 | 1.16 (0.96~1.39) | 67.6 | 0.66 (0.55~0.79) | 73.1 | |
资金来源 | 公共 | 16 | 1142 | 1.49 (1.16~1.90) | 64.8 | 0.54 (0.44~0.67) | 70.6 |
企业 | 4 | 523 | 1.13 (0.95~1.34) | 0 | 0.86 (0.53~1.39) | 82.0 | |
是否联合治疗 | 是 | 31 | 2031 | 1.53 (1.29~1.82) | 59.5 | 0.63 (0.54~0.73) | 81.9 |
否 | 12 | 945 | 1.13 (0.81~1.59) | 81.3 | 0.55 (0.42~0.72) | 56.7 | |
随访时间 | 治疗后即刻 | 3 | 180 | 2.37 (1.40~4.00) | 27.5 | 0.51 (0.39~0.68) | 68.7 |
≤ 3个月 | 26 | 1545 | 1.32 (1.06~1.65) | 71.1 | 0.61 (0.53~0.70) | 50.1 | |
3~6个月 | 8 | 575 | 1.54 (1.14~2.09) | 60.4 | 0.62 (0.45~0.87) | 78.6 | |
> 6个月 | 6 | 676 | 1.32 (0.90~1.94) | 75.8 | 0.72 (0.44~1.17) | 91.1 |
表4
功能亚组分析结果"
亚组 | 研究数量 | n | 治疗效应(95% CI) | I2/% | PCE(95% CI) | I2/% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
疗程 | ≤ 4周 | 11 | 673 | 1.55(1.30~1.84) | 58.9 | 0.66(0.58~0.76) | 77.8 |
> 4周 | 29 | 2191 | 0.99(0.74~1.31) | 65.8 | 0.69(0.61~0.79) | 0 | |
参与者年龄 | < 40岁 | 3 | 190 | 2.97(1.79~4.93) | 30.7 | 0.13(0.03~0.63) | 79.5 |
40~50岁 | 11 | 966 | 1.16(0.85~1.58) | 76.1 | 0.80(0.64~1.00) | 52.3 | |
50~60岁 | 24 | 1626 | 1.33(1.08~1.63) | 64.9 | 0.71(0.62~0.80) | 70.3 | |
≥ 60岁 | 2 | 82 | 2.13(1.21~3.76) | 0 | 0.24(0.08~0.78) | 59.6 | |
损伤类型 | 肩袖肌腱炎 | 16 | 1514 | 1.35(1.09~1.69) | 63.5 | 0.68(0.60~0.78) | 72.4 |
肩峰撞击综合征 | 15 | 899 | 1.25(0.96~1.61) | 67.3 | 0.76(0.59~0.98) | 69.1 | |
肩袖肌腱撕裂 | 7 | 377 | 2.00(1.01~3.98) | 83.8 | 0.45(0.27~0.77) | 77.7 | |
治疗途径 | 注射治疗 | 16 | 872 | 1.33(0.95~1.85) | 79.0 | 0.61(0.46~0.82) | 68.1 |
口服药物 | 3 | 410 | 1.75(0.92~3.32) | 73.5 | 0.71(0.60~0.84) | 41.1 | |
物理治疗 | 21 | 1582 | 1.38(1.17~1.63) | 42.4 | 0.70(0.60~0.82) | 75.5 | |
是否充分隐藏 | 是 | 22 | 1606 | 1.17(0.94~1.46) | 69.6 | 0.77(0.68~0.89) | 66.2 |
否 | 18 | 1258 | 1.66(1.31~2.09) | 62.7 | 0.56(0.45~0.70) | 71.1 | |
是否盲法 | 是 | 29 | 2005 | 1.31(1.07~1.61) | 73.9 | 0.72(0.62~0.84) | 66.0 |
否 | 11 | 859 | 1.65(1.41~1.93) | 0 | 0.60(0.48~0.74) | 76.4 | |
国家经济水平 | 发展中国家 | 18 | 950 | 1.59(1.22~2.07) | 60.9 | 0.65(0.53~0.79) | 75.8 |
发达国家 | 22 | 1914 | 1.25(1.01~1.55) | 74.8 | 0.70(0.60~0.81) | 59.8 | |
基金来源 | 公共 | 15 | 1151 | 1.64(1.23~2.20) | 69.5 | 0.66(0.54~0.81) | 72.0 |
企业 | 4 | 523 | 1.33(0.91~1.93) | 64.3 | 0.83(0.65~1.07) | 40.1 | |
是否联合治疗 | 是 | 29 | 1961 | 1.30(1.09~1.56) | 62.9 | 0.72(0.64~0.81) | 68.8 |
否 | 11 | 903 | 1.57(1.07~2.30) | 80.0 | 0.51(0.34~0.75) | 77.6 | |
随访时间 | 治疗后即刻 | 3 | 180 | 1.52(0.64~3.61) | 67.5 | 0.80(0.47~1.36) | 87.2 |
≤ 3个月 | 23 | 1371 | 1.29(1.07~1.56) | 53.7 | 0.66(0.56~0.79) | 53.6 | |
3~6个月 | 8 | 575 | 1.88(1.28~2.77) | 68.3 | 0.58(0.4~0.85) | 79.4 | |
> 6个月 | 6 | 738 | 1.17(0.67~2.07) | 89.5 | 0.71(0.55~0.93) | 72.1 |
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