听觉障碍中学生就业期望特征调查

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2022.09.015

《中国康复理论与实践》 ›› 2022, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (9): 1104-1109.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2022.09.015

听觉障碍中学生就业期望特征调查

张玉红^1,²,王春晖^1,²,努尔署瓦克•托列别克^1,²,刘巧云³()

1.新疆师范大学教育学院,新疆乌鲁木齐市 830017
2.新疆教师教育研究中心,新疆乌鲁木齐市 830017
3.华东师范大学教育学部,上海市 200062

收稿日期:2022-08-26 修回日期:2022-09-02 出版日期:2022-09-25 发布日期:2022-10-08
通讯作者: 刘巧云 E-mail:17129830@qq.com
作者简介:张玉红(1973-),女,汉族,河南信阳市人,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要研究方向：特殊教育学、教育康复、康复科学。|刘巧云(1979-),女,江苏如皋市人,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要研究方向：教育康复、儿童语言与行为发展。
基金资助:
教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(19YJA880086);新疆社会科学基金项目(19BJY114);新疆师范大学博士科研启动基金项目(XJNUBS202008)

Characteristics of employment expectation for middle school students with hearing impairment

ZHANG Yuhong^1,²,WANG Chunhui^1,²,Nuershuwake·TUOLIEBIEKE ^1,²,LIU Qiaoyun³()

1. School of Education Science, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830017, China
2. Center for Xinjiang Teacher Education and Research, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830017, China
3. Faculty of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 550005, China

Received:2022-08-26 Revised:2022-09-02 Published:2022-09-25 Online:2022-10-08
Contact: LIU Qiaoyun E-mail:17129830@qq.com
Supported by:
Ministry of Education Humanities and Social Science Research Planning Fund(19YJA880086);Xinjiang Social Science Fund(19BJY114);Xinjiang Normal University Doctoral Research Startup Fund(XJNUBS202008)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的调查听觉障碍中学生的就业期望,分析其影响因素。
方法 2021年11月至12月,选取甘肃、山东、安徽、湖北、江苏和新疆等地10所特殊教育学校的312例听觉障碍中学生(年龄14~25岁),基于听觉障碍中学生的实际特点改编“就业期望问卷”,从待遇性、匹配性、声誉性、规范性4个维度调查并分析其就业期望。
结果共发放问卷312份,收回312份,有效问卷278份。听觉障碍中学生的就业期望总体处于中等偏上水平;就业期望结构不平衡,其中匹配性最高,声誉性最低(F = 31.564, P < 0.001)。高中学生就业期望的规范性高于初中学生(t = -2.096, P = 0.037);佩戴人工耳蜗学生就业期望的规范性评分最高,未佩戴任何辅助器具学生的评分最低(F = 3.271, P = 0.039);认为就业“不太难”的学生就业期望总分、匹配性和声誉性评分最高,认为就业“比较难”的学生评分最低(F > 4.131, P < 0.05)。
结论要根据听觉障碍中学生就业期望的发展水平和结构开展职业教育,同时要考虑学生的年龄、就业形势认知等因素对就业期望的影响。

关键词: 听觉障碍, 中学生, 就业期望

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the employment expectation of middle school students with hearing impairment and the related factors.
Methods From November to December, 2021, 312 students with hearing impairment (aged 14 to 25) from ten special education schools in Gansu, Shandong, Anhui, Hubei, Jiangsu and Xinjiang were investigated with Employment Expectation Questionnaire, and analyzed in the dimensions of treatment, matching, reputation and normativity.
Results A total of 312 questionaires were returned, and 278 were valid. The levels of employment expectation were generally at the upper average for the students, and was structurally different, with the highest score in matching and lowest in reputation (F = 31.564, P < 0.001). The normativity of employment expectation was higher in high school students than in junior high school students (t = -2.096, P = 0.037); and it was the highest in students with cochlear implants, and the least in students without any assistive devices (F = 3.271, P = 0.039). The total scores, and the scores of matching and reputation were the highest in students feeling "not difficult" for employment, and the least for those feeling "difficult" for employment (F > 4.131, P < 0.05).
Conclusion Vocational education should be carried out according to the development levels and structures of their employment expectation, and considering the impact of age and employment situation cognition on employment expectation.

Key words: hearing impairment, middle school students, employment expectation

中图分类号:

R494

张玉红,王春晖,努尔署瓦克•托列别克,刘巧云. 听觉障碍中学生就业期望特征调查[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2022, 28(9): 1104-1109.

ZHANG Yuhong,WANG Chunhui,Nuershuwake·TUOLIEBIEKE ,LIU Qiaoyun. Characteristics of employment expectation for middle school students with hearing impairment[J]. 《Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice》, 2022, 28(9): 1104-1109.

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性别	n	待遇性	匹配性	声誉性	规范性	总分
男	150	3.568±0.619	3.733±0.703	3.403±0.695	3.527±0.683	3.550±0.531
女	128	3.534±0.563	3.727±0.654	3.247±0.740	3.551±0.679	3.500±0.507
t值		0.470	0.083	1.808	-0.294	0.778
P值		0.638	0.934	0.072	0.769	0.437

年级段	n	待遇性	匹配性	声誉性	规范性	总分
初中	126	3.494±0.648	3.657±0.709	3.318±0.743	3.444±0.689	3.470±0.543
高中	152	3.601±0.540	3.791±0.650	3.342±0.700	3.615±0.665	3.575±0.498
t值		-1.485	-1.646	-0.284	-2.096	-1.672
P值		0.139	0.101	0.778	0.037	0.096

残疾程度	n	待遇性	匹配性	声誉性	规范性	总分
一级	99	3.558±0.579	3.763±0.656	3.261±0.795	3.593±0.646	3.529±0.494
二级	119	3.551±0.601	3.719±0.615	3.385±0.623	3.525±0.678	3.536±0.494
三级	60	3.547±0.612	3.700±0.832	3.340±0.766	3.471±0.739	3.507±0.616
F值		0.007	0.189	0.812	0.641	0.066
P值		0.993	0.828	0.445	0.528	0.936

辅助器具	n	待遇性	匹配性	声誉性	规范性	总分
助听器	132	3.571±0.590	3.763±0.669	3.359±0.678	3.578±0.730	3.556±0.521
人工耳蜗	37	3.600±0.777	3.764±0.774	3.184±0.863	3.730±0.566	3.550±0.532
无	109	3.514±0.605	3.679±0.661	3.347±0.714	3.424±0.637	3.484±0.517
F值		0.415	0.510	0.902	3.271	0.612
P值		0.661	0.601	0.407	0.039	0.543

就业形势	n	待遇性	匹配性	声誉性	规范性	总分
比较难	89	3.510±0.631	3.556±0.727	3.157±0.773	3.466±0.663	3.412±0.520
不太难	134	3.603±0.554	3.832±0.689	3.494±0.637	3.554±0.697	3.613±0.510
不了解	55	3.502±0.623	3.764±0.510	3.215±0.742	3.614±0.668	3.505±0.518
F值		0.938	4.609	7.061	0.872	4.131
P值		0.393	0.011	0.001	0.419	0.017

听觉障碍中学生就业期望特征调查

Characteristics of employment expectation for middle school students with hearing impairment

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维度	n	评分
待遇性	278	3.553±0.593
匹配性	278	3.730±0.679
声誉性	278	3.331±0.719
规范性	278	3.538±0.680
总分	278	3.527±0.521
F值		31.564
P值		< 0.001

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