《中国康复理论与实践》 ›› 2026, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (4): 473-481.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2026.04.011

• 辅助技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

自理能力分层视角下辅助器具质量满意度子维度异质性研究

江华1, 潘卓文1(), 闫媚2, 董理权2   

  1. 1 首都经济贸易大学劳动经济学院, 北京市 100070
    2 中国残疾人辅助器具中心, 北京市 100050
  • 收稿日期:2025-11-17 修回日期:2026-01-27 出版日期:2026-04-25 发布日期:2026-05-06
  • 通讯作者: 潘卓文,E-mail: panzhuowen@cueb.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:江华(1979-),男,汉族,山东济宁市人,博士,副教授,博士研究生导师,主要研究方向:社会保障与劳动就业。
    潘卓文(2000-),男,汉族,北京市人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向:社会保障。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金项目(23BSH095)

Heterogeneity of sub-dimensions of satisfaction with the quality of assistive devices from the perspective of self-care ability stratification

JIANG Hua1, PAN Zhuowen1(), YAN Mei2, DONG Liquan2   

  1. 1 School of Labor Economics, Capital University of Economics and Business, Beijing 100070, China
    2 China Assistive Devices and Technology Center for Persons with Disabilities, Beijing 100050, China
  • Received:2025-11-17 Revised:2026-01-27 Published:2026-04-25 Online:2026-05-06
  • Contact: PAN Zhuowen, E-mail: panzhuowen@cueb.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    National Social Science Fund of China(23BSH095)

摘要:

目的 探讨我国不同自理能力人群对辅助器具质量满意度子维度的关注差异,识别关键驱动因素,为辅助器具的精准化设计与服务供给提供依据。

方法 基于2023年全国性调查数据,涉及14 030例功能障碍者,以自理能力为核心自变量,8项满意度子维度为因变量,控制性别、年龄、文化程度、居住地类型等变量。采用经Bonferroni校正的χ2检验进行单因素分析,并构建二分类Logistic回归模型识别影响因素,同时进行信效度、内生性(工具变量法与倾向得分匹配)及异质性检验。

结果 8项满意度子维度中,6项存在显著群体差异(Bonferroni校正阈值0.00625)。经Logistic回归与内生性校正后,明确尺寸/形状等维度存在显著群体异质性,价格合适维度自理能力主效应不显著、城乡异质性不显著。具体而言,以能自理群体为参照,不能自理群体对安全(B = 0.253, P < 0.001)、舒适(B = 0.153, P = 0.001)和使用简单(B = 0.316, P < 0.001)的关注度明显更高;部分自理群体对轻便(B = 0.094, P = 0.027)和耐用(B = 0.254, P < 0.001)最为关注;能自理群体则对美观表现出相对更高的关注倾向。

结论 我国功能障碍人群对辅助器具的满意度驱动存在基于自理能力的功能需求分层现象。辅助器具政策和产品设计应转向精准化范式:对不能自理群体优先保障安全、舒适、易用,对部分自理群体优化轻便、耐用,对能自理群体提升美观、社会接纳,并对城镇价格敏感群体配套价格补贴政策、为农村群体强化核心功能服务供给,以全面提升辅助器具的适配效能和用户福祉。

关键词: 辅助器具, 自理能力, 满意度异质性, 需求分层

Abstract:

Objective To explore the differences in attention to the sub-dimensions of satisfaction with the quality of assistive devices among people with different self-care abilities in China, identify the key driving factors, and provide a basis for the precision design and service provision of assistive devices.

Methods Based on the 2023 national survey data, involving 14 030 people with functional impairments, self-care ability was taken as the core independent variable, eight sub-dimensions of satisfaction as dependent variables, and variables such as gender, age, educational level and residential type were controlled. Univariate analysis was performed using Chi-square test with Bonferroni correction, and a binary Logistic regression model was constructed to identify influencing factors. Meanwhile, reliability and validity tests, endogeneity tests (instrumental variable method and propensity score matching) and heterogeneity tests were conducted.

Results Among the eight satisfaction sub-dimensions, six presented significant inter-group differences, with Bonferroni correction (threshold = 0.00625). Following binary Logistic regression and endogeneity correction, significant inter-group heterogeneity was confirmed in dimensions such as size and shape. For the affordability dimension, the main effect of self-care ability was not statistically significant, yet prominent urban-rural heterogeneity was observed. Specifically, taking the fully independent (self-care) group as the reference, the fully dependent group attached significantly greater importance to safety (B = 0.253, P < 0.001), comfort (B = 0.153, P = 0.001) and ease of use (B = 0.316, P < 0.001); the partially dependent group showed the highest level of attention to lightweight (B = 0.094, P = 0.027) and durability (B = 0.254, P < 0.001); and the fully independent group demonstrated a relatively stronger preference for aesthetics.

Conclusion Stratified functional demands, driven by self-care ability, exist in the satisfaction of individuals with functional impairments with assistive devices in China. The policy formulation and product design of assistive devices should shift to a precision-oriented paradigm: prioritize the guarantee of safety, comfort and ease of use for fully dependent groups, optimize lightweight performance and durability for partially dependent groups, enhance aesthetics and social acceptance for fully independent groups, roll out price subsidy policies for urban price-sensitive groups, and strengthen the supply of core functional services for rural groups. This approach will comprehensively improve the adaptation effectiveness of assistive devices and the well-being of users.

Key words: assistive devices, self-care ability, heterogeneity of satisfaction, demand stratification

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