《中国康复理论与实践》

《中国康复理论与实践》 ›› 2026, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (9): 1016-1024.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2026.09.003

• 专题 认知障碍康复 • 上一篇    下一篇

中枢听觉测验联合脑电特征在阿尔茨海默病源性轻度认知障碍早期筛查中的应用

孙凤仪, 殷海燕, 尹婷婷, 杨冰清, 顾剑鹏, 汪妍, 柏亚妹, 徐桂华, 宋玉磊()   

  1. 南京中医药大学护理学院， 江苏南京市 210023
  • 收稿日期:2026-04-02 修回日期:2026-07-21 接受日期:2026-07-22 出版日期:2026-09-25 发布日期:2026-09-20
  • 通讯作者: 宋玉磊(1986-)，女，汉族，副教授，硕士研究生导师，主要研究方向：老年护理、护理管理。E-mail： songyulei@njucm.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:孙凤仪(1998-)，女，汉族，江苏扬州市人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向：老年护理。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC3603600);江苏高校优势学科四期项目南京中医药大学护理学科开放课题(YSHL202503);江苏省研究生实践创新计划课题(SJCX25_0908)

Application of central auditory testing combined with electroencephalogram characteristics in the early screening of mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease

Sun Fengyi, Yin Haiyan, Yin Tingting, Yang Bingqing, Gu Jianpeng, Wang Yan, Bai Yamei, Xu Guihua, Song Yulei()   

  1. School of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
  • Received:2026-04-02 Revised:2026-07-21 Accepted:2026-07-22 Published:2026-09-25 Online:2026-09-20
  • Contact: Song Yulei, E-mail： songyulei@njucm.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFC3603600);Superior Discipline Phase IV Project of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(YSHL202503);Postgraduate Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(SJCX25_0908)

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

摘要：

目的 探讨中枢听觉测验联合脑电特征在阿尔茨海默病源性轻度认知障碍早期筛查中的应用。

方法 采用便利抽样法，于2025年7月至9月在江苏省南京市栖霞区社区招募40例阿尔茨海默病源性轻度认知障碍老年人和23例认知正常老年人。采用听觉N-back和双耳分听经典范式进行测评，同步采集北京版蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA-BJ)评分和32导联脑电数据。通过二元Logistic回归分析筛选预测指标，绘制受试者工作特征曲线并计算曲线下面积(AUC)。

结果 双耳分听总分与MoCA-BJ总分呈正相关(r = 0.475, P < 0.01)，右耳优势与整体认知、视空间、抽象能力和延迟回忆呈负相关(r < -0.276, P < 0.05)。N-back各条件下任务均与整体认知功能呈正相关(r > 0.249, P < 0.05)。脑电特征方面，δ与θ波功率、功率峰值与延迟回忆呈正相关(r > 0.258, P < 0.05)，(α+θ)/(α+β)及θ/(α+β)分别与命名能力和视空间执行呈正相关(r > 0.261, P < 0.05)。双耳分听总分、1-back正确率、δ波平均功率和θ/(α+β)比值是阿尔茨海默病源性轻度认知障碍的独立影响因素(P < 0.05)。听觉任务表现和脑电特征的AUC分别为0.845和0.735，两者联合后AUC提升至0.862。

结论 基于听觉任务表现和脑电特征融合的筛查模型在阿尔茨海默病源性轻度认知障碍早期识别中具有较高的分类准确性。

关键词: 阿尔茨海默病源性轻度认知障碍, 中枢听觉测验, 脑电, 老年人, 早期筛查

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the application of central auditory testing combined with electroencephalographic features in the early screening of mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease.

Methods A convenience sampling method was used to conduct a field survey in the Qixia District of Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, from July to September, 2025. A total of 40 older adults diagnosed as mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease and 23 cognitively normal older adults were recruited. Auditory N-back and dichotic listening paradigms were employed for assessment, while the scores of Montreal Cognitive Assessment Beijing Version (MoCA-BJ) and 32-channel electroencephalogram (EEG) data were simultaneously collected. Binary logistic regression analysis was applied to identify predictive indicators, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted, and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated.

Results The total score of dichotic listening was positively correlated with overall cognitive function (r = 0.475, P < 0.01), while right-ear advantage showed negative correlations with overall cognition, visuospatial ability, abstract reasoning, and delayed recall (r < -0.276, P < 0.05). Task performance across all conditions of the N-back task was positively correlated with overall cognitive function (r > 0.249, P < 0.05). Regarding EEG features, δ and θ band power and power peaks were positively correlated with delayed recall (r > 0.258, P < 0.05), whereas (α+θ)/(α+β) and θ/(α+β) were positively correlated with naming ability and visuospatial executive function, respectively (r > 0.261, P < 0.05). The results of the binary logistic regression analysis showed that the total score of binaural dichotic listening, the accuracy of 1-back task, the average power of δ waves, and the ratio of θ/(α+β) were independent influencing factors for mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease (P< 0.05). The ROC analysis indicated that the AUC for auditory task performance and EEG features were 0.845 and 0.735 respectively, and when combined, the AUC increased to 0.862.

Conclusion The screening model based on the integration of auditory task performance and EEG features can be used in the early identification of mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease.

Key words: mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease, central auditory test, electroencephalogram, older adults, early screening

中图分类号: