日本辅助器具社会保障政策研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2021.08.004

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To sort out the assistive device social security policy of Japan. Methods The assistive devices social security policy for the older adults and the disabled in Japan was summarized in term of four dimensions: who, what, how to deliver and how to fund. Results Japanese assistive device social security policy covered most of disabled groups according to the legal protections, delivering a variety of assistive devices products and services. Meanwhile, it has tried to avoid over expenditure through ways of lump-sum control, unit price and quantity control, users self-pay and strict evaluation system. For the service delivery system, the evaluators were strictly neutral, while the providers were in market. The funding came from user-payments, public finance and insurances, etc. Conclusion Japan has established a mature social security policy system and service system for assistive devices, which can be used as a reference for China.

Key words: assistive device, social security policy, elderly long-term care insurance, Japan

WEI Chen-jing,TANAKA Satosi,WANG Qing,LI Gao-feng,HE Yan,YANG Hui,WANG Lin. Analysis of Japanese Assistive Devices Social Security Policy[J]. 《Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice》, 2021, 27(8): 900-907.

Figures/Tables 5

References 44

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租赁目录				购买目录
介护2~介护5		支援1~介护5		支援1~介护5
轮椅、轮椅附属品护理床、护理床附属品防压疮床垫、体位变换用具、徘徊感知器、移位机		可移动扶手、可移动坡道、拐杖、助行器、自动排泄装置		如厕辅具、洗浴辅具、简易浴槽、自动排泄装置接触身体部分、移位机吊带

ISO次类	ISO支类	细分类名称	基准金额(日元)	使用年限
12 22 手动轮椅车	12 22 03 双手驱动轮椅车	普通型	100000	各项均为6年
		斜躺型	120000
		倾倒型	148000
		斜躺/倾倒普通型	173000
		手动升降式	232000
		前方大轮式	100000
		斜躺前方大轮式	120000
	12 22 06摆杆驱动轮椅车	摆杆驱动型	160500
	12 22 09 单手驱动轮椅车	单手驱动型	117000
	12 22 09 单手驱动轮椅车	斜躺单手驱动型	133600
	12 22 18 护理者操控的手动轮椅车	手推式A	82700
		手推式B	81000
		斜躺手推式	114000
		倾倒手推式	128000
		斜躺/倾倒手推式	153000

给付种类	介护等级	居家介护费用(家庭访问、日托、短期入住、福祉用具租赁等,日元/月)	住宅环境改造费(日元)	福祉用具购买(日元/年)
预防给付	要支援1	50320	一次性 200000	100000
预防给付	要支援2	105310
介护给付	要介护1	167650
	要介护2	197050
	要介护3	270480
	要介护4	309380
	要介护5	362170

流程		等级评估	福祉用具方案	产品准备	适合性检查	使用指导	效果评估	产品回收	产品维修	清洗消毒
人员		认定调查员、主治医生、计算机、认定审查会	介护经理	福祉用具专门相谈员				工作人员
机构		市町村政府	居家服务机构	福祉用具租赁与销售公司				福祉用具租赁与销售公司

残疾人福利咨询中心判定,市町村决定		根据都道府县政府认可的医生意见书来决定
福利咨询中心医生评估	根据医生意见书,福利咨询中心评估	义眼、眼镜、成品轮椅、拐杖与助行器、盲杖的新购其他产品的再购与维修
假肢、矫形器、坐姿保持器、电动轮椅车的新购	助听器、定制轮椅、重度残疾人用沟通辅助器具新购	义眼、眼镜、成品轮椅、拐杖与助行器、盲杖的新购其他产品的再购与维修

Analysis of Japanese Assistive Devices Social Security Policy

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