Abstract:

Objective To analyze the physical activity and health-related policies and guidelines for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) issued by international organizations and countries, including World Health Organization (WHO), European Union, the United States, Canada, Australia and China.

Methods A content analysis and a comparative study were conducted to examine physical activity-related policies and guidelines at international and national levels.

Results International organizations and countries all recognized physical activity as a key measure for preventing and controlling T2DM and improving population health. WHO established clear global targets and monitoring indicators. The United States, Canada and Australia closely integrated community interventions, healthcare incentives and structured exercise programs, while China combined national fitness initiatives with public health services. International T2DM-related exercise guidelines recommended > 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise per week combined with resistance training.

Conclusion At both international and national levels, T2DM-related physical activity and health policies aim to increase participation in physical activity, improve population health, and effectively reduce the incidence and mortality of chronic diseases such as T2DM. Guidelines emphasize a multidisciplinary collaboration model to enhance practical applicability, implementation effectiveness and the sustainability of health-related physical activity. Future development priorities will include establishing personalized physical activity programs for T2DM based on individual needs, and building an integrated health-related service system that combines physical activity, community health, chronic disease management and digital technologies.

Key words: type 2 diabetes, physical activity, health-related policy, health management