《中国康复理论与实践》

《中国康复理论与实践》 ›› 2025, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (8): 889-895.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2025.08.004

• 专题 身体活动与康复 • 上一篇    下一篇

儿童身体活动与脑健康的认知神经科学研究技术范式与进展：Scoping综述

叶绿1, 陈悦琳1,2(), 刘雨霏1,2   

  1. 1.扬州大学体育学院，江苏扬州市 225100
    2.扬州大学附属医院，江苏扬州市 225100
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-27 出版日期:2025-08-25 发布日期:2025-09-01
  • 通讯作者: 陈悦琳(1999-)，女，汉族，江苏扬州市人，硕士研究生，初级康复治疗师，主要研究方向：儿童康复，E-mail： 092346@yzu.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:叶绿(1987-)，男，汉族，河南信阳市人，博士，副教授，主要研究方向：身体活动干预。
  • 基金资助:
    扬州大学2023年教学改革研究课题(YZUJX2023-C6)

Cognitive neuroscience paradigms and advances in physical activity and brain health in children: a scoping review

YE Lü1, CHEN Yuelin1,2(), LIU Yufei1,2   

  1. 1. College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225100, China
    2. Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225100, China
  • Received:2025-07-27 Published:2025-08-25 Online:2025-09-01
  • Supported by:
    Yangzhou University Education Reform Project 2023(YZUJX2023-C6)

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摘要：

目的 对儿童身体活动与脑健康的认知神经科学研究技术范式与进展进行Scoping综述。

方法 系统检索PubMed、Web of Science、Scopus、Cochrane Library、中国知网和万方数据库中关于身体活动干预儿童脑健康的随机对照试验、系统综述和Meta分析，检索时限为建库至2024年5月。提取数据并进行Scoping综述，采用PEDro量表和系统评价方法学质量评价工具(AMSTAR 2)评估文献质量。

结果 共纳入6项研究，来自中国、美国、新西兰和澳大利亚4个国家，涉及1 363例5~16.8岁健康儿童。主要结局指标包括通过磁共振成像、功能磁共振成像、弥散张量成像和功能性近红外光谱测量的脑结构、脑功能和脑神经网络模式。长期、结构化身体活动对儿童大脑健康具有积极影响，可提高大脑白质微观结构的完整性，优化任务相关脑区的激活模式，改善大脑功能网络的模式化属性。接受身体活动干预儿童的大脑皮质神经环路模式呈现更精细和优化的趋势。

结论 身体活动能够对儿童大脑产生积极的结构性和功能性影响。

关键词: 儿童, 身体活动, 运动, 脑健康, 认知神经科学, 神经影像学, Scoping综述

Abstract:

Objective To review cognitive neuroscience paradigms and advances in physical activity and brain health in children.

Methods A systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, CNKI and Wanfang Data was conducted for randomized controlled trials, systematic review and meta-analysis investigating physical activity intervention for children's brain health, with publication during from inception to May, 2024. Data extraction and scoping review were performed, with literature quality assessed using PEDro scale and AMSTAR 2.

Results A total of six studies were included, involving 1 363 healthy children aged five to 16.8 years from China, the United States, New Zealand and Australia. The primary outcome measures included brain structure, brain function and neural network patterns assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional MRI, diffusion tensor imaging, and functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Long-term structured physical activity was effective on children's brain health, including enhancing the integrity of white matter microstructure, optimizing task-related activation patterns in brain regions and improving the organizational properties of functional brain networks. Children who received physical activity interventions exhibited more refined and optimized developmental trends in their cortical neural circuit patterns.

Conclusion Physical activity can improve structure and function of the brains of children.

Key words: children, physical activity, exercise, brain health, cognitive neuroscience, neuroimaging, scoping review

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