Abstract: Exercise is one of the important techniques of cardiovascular rehabilitation. Exercise can reduce inflammatory response to improve endothelial function, and improve mitochondrial function to increase myocardial cell activity. For cardiovascular risk factors, exercise can promote the activity of lipoprotein, increase the level of high-density lipoprotein; improve the function of insulin receptor to reduce insulin resistance, reduce platelet aggregation and improve endothelial function to reduce blood pressure. For the respiratory system, aerobic exercise can improve the function of respiratory muscle, thus relieve the dyspnea. Exercise can promote the activation of immune factor and increase metabolism, to increase immune function and anti-aging. Resistance exercise can improve mitochondrial function and promote fiber type conversion, to improve the function of skeletal muscle system.

Key words: cardiovascular disease, exercise training, effect, mechanism, review