Abstract: Objective To study the relationship between adolescent scoliosis and various biomechanical factors.Methods A total of 637 students in grade four to six in a primary school of Zhaoyang District in Zhaotong, Yunnan, China were screened for scoliosis in December, 2016. Finally, a case control study of 19 patients with idiopathic scoliosis who had been diagnosed by X-ray was carried out. According to the matching criteria, 42 students were collected as control group. Then, eleven biomechanical factors were analyzed and evaluated in two groups. Those factors included unequal shoulders, cervical lateral flexion, cervical rotation, thoracic lateral flexion, thoracic rotation, lumbar lateral flexion, lumbar rotation, lateral tilt of pelvis, anterior and posterior pelvic tilt, leg inequality and flat foot. Eventually, the biomechanical factors were statistically analyzed with binary Logistic regression analysis.Results and Conclusion The unequal shoulders, thoracic rotation, lateral tilt of pelvis, leg inequality and flat foot were the risk factors for scoliosis (P<0.05). Detailed posture assessment should be carried out to find the biomechanical factors leading to abnormal posture, and achieve the goals of the more targeted medical intervention for the patients with spinal asymmetry.

Key words: adolescent scoliosis, biomechanical factors, correlation