Abstract:

Objective To systematically review and develop the categories in the fields of recreational physical activities and rehabilitation exercise for adults based on the concept and method of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF).Method The literatures about recreational or leisure time physical activities and mental health for adults were retrieved with subject retrieval method, from the database of PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI and Wanfang Data, until June 30, 2021. The effects of leisure physical activities on mental health, quality of life and well-being of adults were extracted.Results A total of 1856 literatures were returned, and 24 out of them were enrolled, which were published mainly from the journals of medicine, public health, exercise and rehabilitation. The researches mainly used questionnaire survey, interview and measurement methods. The types of physical activities involved were leisure time physical activities, leisure time recreational activities, non-leisure time physical activities and non-leisure time recreational activities. According to the framework of ICF, the effects of leisure time physical activities and recreational physical activities on mental health of adults were mainly reflected in body functions, including bl mental function, b152 emotion function, b140 attention function, b144 memory function, b163 basic cognition function, b126 temperament and personality function, b134 sleep function, b130 energy and drive function, b122 overall psychology and society function, b180 self-experience and time experience function, b139 other general mental functions specified and not specified; and activities and participation, including d6 family life, d7 interpersonal communication and interpersonal relationship, d8 main area of life, and d9 community, social and civic life; in terms of burnout, depression, anxiety, perceived stress, risk of depression, attention fatigue, life vigor, self-esteem, positive and negative emotions, mental disorders, insomnia, subjective well-being, life satisfaction and quality of life, etc. Leisure time physical activities and recreational physical activities might improve health-related quality of life and well-being. Some environmental and personal factors might affect the participation and performance in leisure time and recreational physical activities for the adult, including e3 support and interpersonal relationships, e4 attitude, e5 service system and policy, in terms of workload, positive emotion, social support, emotional support, etc.Conclusion Adults can benefit from leisure time physical activities and recreational physical activities for promoting mental health, quality of life and well-being. These activities are beneficial to emotion, cognition, sleep, happiness, satisfaction and quality of life, etc. It is critical for rehabilitation to integrate leisure time and recreational physical activities into health care, recreation and relaxation, physical and mental health. And it is effective to expand mental health care to improve quality of life and well-being and achieve the United Nations 2030 Sustainable Development Goal 3: Good Healthy and Well-being.

Key words: leisure time physical activities and recreational physical activities, mental health, quality of life, well-being, International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, adults, systematic review