潍坊市养老院老年人吞咽障碍与误吸调查

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2022.04.014

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the occurrence and characteristics of dysphagia and aspiration in the elderly in nursing home in Weifang, Shandong, China.Methods From January to June, 2021, 837 elderly people from 10 nursing homes in Weifang were randomly selected and investigated with general situation questionnaire, Fried Frailty Phenotype, Ohkuma questionnaire and Volume-Viscosity Swallowing Test.Results The prevalence of dysphagia and aspiration was 44.2% and 12.3% respectively. There were significant differences in the prevalence of dysphagia among ages and health condition (χ² > 8.437, P<0.05). The prevalence of dysphagia and aspiration was higher in men than in women (χ² > 4.060, P < 0.05). The incidence of oral dysphagia was higher in men than in women, and the incidence of esophageal dysphagia was lower (χ² > 20.830, P<0.001). Oral dysphagia was predominant in the elderly with stroke, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease (χ²=27.579, P<0.001), and esophageal dysphagia and airway protection dysfunction were predominant in the elderly with chronic respiratory disease (χ² > 20.241, P<0.01).Conclusion The dysphagia and aspiration are prevalent in the elderly in nursing homes, and varies with different genders and basic diseases.

Key words: dysphagia, aspiration, aged, frailty, investigation

ZHANG Pingping,ZHANG Ting,FENG Haiyang,LI Zhenrong,CHEN Ping,LI Tao,LU Dezhi,WANG Xiaowen. Investigation on dysphagia and aspiration among the elderly in nursing home in Weifang, Shandong, China[J]. 《Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice》, 2022, 28(4): 467-472.

Figures/Tables 2

References 46

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项目	n	吞咽障碍	误吸	χ²值^a	P值^a	χ²值^b	P值^b
性别				4.060	0.044	4.486	0.034
男	350	169	53
女	487	201	50
年龄/岁				8.437	0.038	5.621	0.132
60~69	78	41	9
70~79	160	65	28
80~89	400	163	41
90~	199	101	25
衰弱				73.931	< 0.001	104.409	< 0.001
否	427	243	4
是	410	127	99
疾病				58.409	< 0.001	51.996	< 0.001
脑卒中	162	94	37
阿尔茨海默病	56	32	6
帕金森病	38	26	5
慢性呼吸道疾病	54	36	18
其他慢性疾病	272	102	21
无	255	80	16

项目	n	并发症	咽期	口腔期	食管期	气道保护	并发症		咽期		口腔期		食管期		气道保护
项目	n	并发症	咽期	口腔期	食管期	气道保护	χ²值	P值	χ²值	P值	χ²值	P值	χ²值	P值	χ²值	P值
性别							0.754	0.385	2.275	0.131	30.180	< 0.001	20.830	< 0.001	2.181	0.140
男	169	11	54	129	5	18
女	201	7	50	154	36	32
年龄/岁							3.080	0.379	7.457	0.059	13.524	0.004	7.891	0.048	0.874	0.832
60~69	41	2	17	24	2	7
70~79	65	3	23	45	3	7
80~89	163	4	38	127	18	22
90~	101	7	26	86	17	14
疾病							9.423	0.093	79.334	< 0.001	27.579	< 0.001	8.726	0.121	20.241	0.001
脑卒中	94	7	41	75	5	16
阿尔茨海默病	32	1	4	26	1	7
帕金森病	26	1	7	22	3	4
慢性呼吸道疾病	36	4	28	15	4	14
其他慢性疾病	102	1	15	83	17	9
无	80	2	9	62	9	9
总计	370	18	104	283	41	59

Investigation on dysphagia and aspiration among the elderly in nursing home in Weifang, Shandong, China

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