肢体残疾人自我效能感、照顾质量与生活质量的关系

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2023.03.014

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the status of self-efficacy, quality of care and quality of life of people with physical disabilities, and analyze the relationship among them.

Methods From January, 2019 to December, 2020, 357 people with physical disabilities in Shandong were selected with cluster stratified random sampling, and all the participants were investigated with a general questionnaire, World Health Organization Quality of Life-Disability Scales, General Self-Efficacy Scale and World Health Organization Quality of Care and Support Scale-Disability Scale on internet.

Results A total of 357 questionnaires were collected, in which 350 were valid. The total score was (115.00±20.70) for quality of life, (23.33±5.78) for self-efficacy, and (50.43±10.56) for quality of care. The quality of life and its each domain was positively correlated with self-efficacy (r > 0.282, P < 0.01), quality of care, care information acquisition, care giving and care environment (r > 0.369, P < 0.01). Employment, self-efficacy and quality of care associated with the quality of life (t> 4.386, P < 0.001); employment, self-efficacy, care giving and care environment associated with the physiological, psychological and environment domains of the quality of life (t > 2.926, P < 0.01); parents as main caregivers, employment, self-efficacy, care giving and care environment associated with social relationships domain of the quality of life (|t| > 2.525, P < 0.05); parents as main caregivers, employment, care giving and care environment associated with the disability domain of the quality of life (|t| > 2.209, P < 0.05).

Conclusion The quality of life needs to be improved for the people with physical disabilities. Self-efficacy and quality of care may impact the quality of life; and it is needed to focus on the people with physical disabilities who are unemployed and whose parents are the main caregivers.

Key words: people with physical disabilities, self-efficacy, quality of care, quality of life

CLC Number:

WANG Zitong, MA Songcui, XU Lili, MA Rui, SUN Xu, CHENG Mei. Relationship among self-efficacy, quality of care and quality of life for people with physical disabilities[J]. 《Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice》, 2023, 29(3): 340-348.

Figures/Tables 11

References 41

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自变量	赋值
婚姻状况	已婚为参照，已婚(Z₁= 0, Z₂= 0)；未婚(Z₁= 1, Z₂= 0)；离异(Z₁= 0, Z₂= 1)
子女情况	无 = 1，有 = 2
主要照顾者	自己独立生活为参照，自己独立生活(Z₁= 0, Z₂= 0, Z₃= 0)；丈夫或妻子(Z₁= 1, Z₂= 0, Z₃= 0)；父母(Z₁= 0, Z₂= 1, Z₃= 0)；子女(Z₁= 0, Z₂= 0, Z₃= 1)
就业情况	否 =1，是 = 2
工作类型	以农民为参照，农民(Z₁= 0, Z₂= 0, Z₃= 0)；工人(Z₁= 1, Z₂= 0, Z₃= 0)；公务员或公职人员(Z₁= 0, Z₂= 1, Z₃= 0)；自由职业者(Z₁= 0, Z₂= 0, Z₃= 1)
医疗保险	有 = 1，无 = 2
养老保险	有 = 1，无 = 2
自我效能感	数值变量
照顾质量及各维度	数值变量

项目	评分	条目均分
生活质量	115.00±20.70	2.95±0.53
生理领域	21.51±4.06	3.07±0.58
心理领域	19.02±4.24	3.17±0.71
社会关系领域	9.18±2.39	3.06±0.80
环境领域	24.77±5.57	3.10±0.70
残疾领域	40.52±7.38	3.12±0.57
自我效能感	23.33±5.78	2.33±0.58
照顾质量	50.43±10.56	2.97±0.62
照顾的给予	12.29±3.59	3.07±0.90
照顾的可及性	10.40±3.07	2.60±0.77
照顾的环境	15.67±4.08	3.13±0.82
照顾信息的获得	12.07±3.38	3.02±0.84

项目	n	生活质量总分	t/F值	P值
婚姻状况			12.827	< 0.001
未婚	110	107.72±18.95
已婚	222	119.12±20.49
离异	18	108.78±20.76
子女情况			-5.062	< 0.001
无	125	107.99±18.34
有	225	118.90±20.94
主要照顾者			9.700	< 0.001
丈夫或妻子	181	119.39±20.31
父母	108	106.62±20.33
子女	24	119.71±19.07
自己独立生活	37	114.97±17.56
就业情况			-6.743	< 0.001
否	212	109.32±19.35
是	138	123.74±19.69
工作类型			4.034	0.008
工人	27	119.74±19.56
公务员或公职人员	3	131.67±25.93
农民	286	113.30±20.25
自由职业者	34	124.06±22.23
医疗保险			2.687	0.008
有	274	116.55±20.70
无	76	109.41±19.83
养老保险			3.025	0.003
有	172	118.38±22.19
无	178	111.74±18.63

变量	自我效能感	照顾质量总分	照顾信息的获得	照顾的给予	照顾的可及性	照顾的环境
生活质量总分	0.376^a	0.606^a	0.558^a	0.544^a	-0.058	0.670^a
生理领域	0.291^a	0.417^a	0.369^a	0.388^a	-0.036	0.459^a
心理领域	0.400^a	0.546^a	0.502^a	0.498^a	-0.009	0.566^a
社会关系领域	0.365^a	0.570^a	0.512^a	0.480^a	0.007	0.622^a
环境领域	0.352^a	0.609^a	0.562^a	0.542^a	-0.056	0.676^a
残疾领域	0.282^a	0.512^a	0.483^a	0.462^a	-0.097	0.590^a

自变量	B	SE	β	t值	P值
常数项	34.989	8.317	—	4.207	< 0.001
婚姻状况
未婚	-3.540	3.337	-0.080	-1.061	0.290
离异	0.678	4.140	0.007	0.164	0.870
子女情况	0.791	2.763	0.018	0.286	0.775
主要照顾者
丈夫或妻子	-0.063	3.123	-0.002	-0.020	0.984
父母	-5.120	3.044	-0.114	-1.682	0.093
子女	0.626	4.186	0.008	0.150	0.881
就业情况	9.673	2.205	0.229	4.386	< 0.001
工作类型
工人	-2.024	3.411	-0.026	-0.593	0.553
公务员或公职人员	2.196	8.884	0.010	0.247	0.805
自由职业者	-2.896	3.144	-0.041	-0.921	0.358
医疗保险	-1.839	2.097	-0.037	-0.877	0.381
养老保险	2.667	1.847	0.065	1.444	0.150
自我效能感	0.754	0.149	0.211	5.054	< 0.001
照顾质量总分	0.970	0.084	0.495	11.604	< 0.001

Relationship among self-efficacy, quality of care and quality of life for people with physical disabilities

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步骤	生理领域	心理领域	社会关系领域	环境领域	残疾领域
1	0.113	0.121	0.161	0.138	0.169
2	0.190	0.259	0.285	0.249	0.233
3	0.319	0.458	0.516	0.551	0.455
4	0.304	0.448	0.503	0.543	0.431

自变量	B	SE	β	t值	P值
常数项	8.581	1.282	—	6.693	< 0.001
就业情况	1.873	0.385	0.226	4.870	< 0.001
养老保险	0.619	0.378	0.076	1.638	0.102
自我效能感	0.115	0.033	0.164	3.436	0.001
照顾的给予	0.196	0.064	0.174	3.083	0.002
照顾的环境	0.274	0.059	0.276	4.683	< 0.001

自变量	B	SE	β	t值	P值
常数项	3.988	0.951	—	4.193	< 0.001
就业情况	1.573	0.354	0.182	4.440	< 0.001
自我效能感	0.177	0.032	0.241	5.581	< 0.001
照顾信息的获得	0.089	0.079	0.071	1.125	0.262
照顾的给予	0.272	0.060	0.231	4.518	< 0.001
照顾的环境	0.274	0.067	0.264	4.079	< 0.001

自变量	B	SE	β	t值	P值
常数项	1.337	0.589	—	2.270	0.024
主要照顾者
丈夫或妻子	-0.008	0.310	-0.002	-0.026	0.980
父母	-0.835	0.331	-0.161	-2.525	0.012
子女	-0.328	0.449	-0.035	-0.731	0.465
就业情况	0.809	0.202	0.165	4.011	< 0.001
自我效能感	0.083	0.017	0.200	4.940	< 0.001
照顾的给予	0.100	0.032	0.150	3.149	0.002
照顾的环境	0.245	0.029	0.418	8.367	< 0.001

自变量	B	SE	β	t值	P值
常数项	5.452	1.314	—	4.150	< 0.001
主要照顾者
丈夫或妻子	0.551	0.692	0.050	0.797	0.426
父母	-0.906	0.737	-0.075	-1.229	0.220
子女	0.961	1.001	0.044	0.960	0.338
就业情况	1.316	0.450	0.116	2.926	0.004
自我效能感	0.159	0.037	0.165	4.233	< 0.001
照顾的给予	0.313	0.071	0.202	4.417	< 0.001
照顾的环境	0.630	0.065	0.462	9.645	< 0.001

自变量	B	SE	β	t值	P值
常数项	22.560	1.809	—	12.469	< 0.001
婚姻状况
未婚	-1.327	1.021	-0.084	-1.300	0.194
离异	-0.772	1.535	-0.023	-0.503	0.615
主要照顾者
丈夫或妻子	-1.328	1.140	-0.090	-1.165	0.245
父母	-2.512	1.137	-0.157	-2.209	0.028
子女	-0.545	1.540	-0.019	-0.354	0.724
就业情况	2.436	0.670	0.161	3.633	< 0.001
照顾的给予	0.306	0.105	0.149	2.915	0.004
照顾的环境	0.814	0.093	0.450	8.762	< 0.001

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