短时身体活动对儿童认知功能影响的系统综述

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2023.06.006

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To evaluate the effects of physical activity on children's cognitive function based on International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF).
Methods The PICO framework was constructed. Trials on the effects of physical activity on children's cognition were searched in Web of Science, PubMed, ProQuest and CNKI from inception to June 1st, 2023. The included literature was evaluated for methodological quality using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale.
Results Ten papers from six countries with a total of 550 subjects were involved, including both healthy children and children with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders. Physical activity involved running, cycling, high jumping, jumping rope and soccer, and the type of physical activity was acute aerobic exercise, ranging from twelve to 30 minutes, mostly at moderate intensity. Health outcomes were focused on cognitive aspects.
Conclusion A theoretical framework for the benefits of physical activity on children's cognitive function has been constructed based on ICF. Acute physical activity shortens reaction time, improves various subcomponents of executive function, increases selective attention, and consolidates long-term memory.

Key words: physical activity, acute exercise, children, cognition, intervention, systematic review

CLC Number:

JIANG Changhao, GAO Xiaoyan. Effect of acute physical activity on cognitive function in children: a systematic review[J]. 《Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice》, 2023, 29(6): 667-672.

Figures/Tables 5

纳入研究	国家	样本特征	干预地点	研究设计	干预方式	时间/min	强度	比较	测试任务	结局指标
Ellemberg等^[8](2010)	加拿大	健康人 n = 72 平均年龄< 18岁	实验室	随机对照试验	功率自行车	30	63%HRR	干预组与对照组比较：干预组两种任务反应时均快于对照组	简单反应任务、选择反应任务	反应时加快
Niemann等^[9](2013)	德国	健康人 n = 42 平均年龄9.69岁	学校	随机对照试验	跑步	12	70%~85%HRR	干预前后比较：干预后效果优于干预前	d2 test	选择注意力提高
Chen等^[10]a(2014)	中国	健康人 n = 34 平均年龄9.18岁	学校	随机对照试验	慢跑	30	60%~70%HRR	干预前后比较：干预后效果优于干预前	Flanker、N-back、More-Odd Shifting	执行功能改善
Chen^[10]等b(2014)	中国	健康人 n = 53 平均年龄11.1岁	学校	随机对照试验	慢跑	30	60%~70%HRR	干预前后比较：干预后效果优于干预前	Flanker、N-back、More-Odd Shifting	执行功能改善
Janssen等^[11]a(2014)	荷兰	健康人 n = 123 平均年龄10.4岁	学校	组内交叉设计试验	慢跑、传球、带球	15	中等强度	干预组与对照组比较：干预组得分高于对照组	TEA-Ch	选择性注意力提高
Janssen等^[11]b(2014)	荷兰	健康人 n = 123 平均年龄10.4岁	学校	组内交叉设计试验	跑步、跳高、跳绳	15	高强度	干预组与对照组比较：干预组得分高于对照组	TEA-Ch	选择性注意力提高
Chuang等^[12](2015)	中国	ADHD患者 n = 19 平均年龄9.42岁	实验室	组内交叉设计试验	跑步	30	60%HRR	干预组与对照组比较：干预组效果优于对照组	Go/No Go	注意力提高
Hogan等^[13](2015)	德国	健康人 n = 30 平均年龄14.2岁	实验室	组内交叉设计试验	功率自行车	20	60%HRR	干预组与对照组比较：干预组效果优于对照组	Go/No Go与Flanker结合	认知和注意力提高
Ludyga等^[14](2017)	瑞士	ADHD患者 n = 36 平均年龄< 18岁	实验室	组内交叉设计试验	功率自行车	20	65%~70%HRR	干预组与对照组比较：干预组得分高于对照组	Flanker	抑制控制力和注意力提高
Lundbye-Jensen等^[15](2017)	丹麦	健康人 n = 51 平均年龄10.55岁	—	随机对照试验	功率自行车	20	高强度	干预组与对照组比较：干预组干预后运动记忆得分高于对照组	运动记忆任务	巩固长期记忆
Lind等^[16](2019)	丹麦	健康人 n = 54 平均年龄11.8岁	足球场	随机对照试验	足球	20	70%~100%HRR	干预组与对照组比较：干预组效果优于对照组	Flanker、陈述性记忆测试	抑制控制力提高
Ludyga等^[17](2020)	瑞士	ADHD患者 n = 36 平均年龄< 18岁	—	组内交叉设计试验	功率自行车	20	65%~70%HRR	干预组与对照组比较：干预组得分高于对照组	交替使用任务	认知灵活性提高

纳入研究	国家	样本特征	干预地点	研究设计	干预方式	时间/min	强度	比较	测试任务	结局指标
Ellemberg等^[8](2010)	加拿大	健康人 n = 72 平均年龄< 18岁	实验室	随机对照试验	功率自行车	30	63%HRR	干预组与对照组比较：干预组两种任务反应时均快于对照组	简单反应任务、选择反应任务	反应时加快
Niemann等^[9](2013)	德国	健康人 n = 42 平均年龄9.69岁	学校	随机对照试验	跑步	12	70%~85%HRR	干预前后比较：干预后效果优于干预前	d2 test	选择注意力提高
Chen等^[10]a(2014)	中国	健康人 n = 34 平均年龄9.18岁	学校	随机对照试验	慢跑	30	60%~70%HRR	干预前后比较：干预后效果优于干预前	Flanker、N-back、More-Odd Shifting	执行功能改善
Chen^[10]等b(2014)	中国	健康人 n = 53 平均年龄11.1岁	学校	随机对照试验	慢跑	30	60%~70%HRR	干预前后比较：干预后效果优于干预前	Flanker、N-back、More-Odd Shifting	执行功能改善
Janssen等^[11]a(2014)	荷兰	健康人 n = 123 平均年龄10.4岁	学校	组内交叉设计试验	慢跑、传球、带球	15	中等强度	干预组与对照组比较：干预组得分高于对照组	TEA-Ch	选择性注意力提高
Janssen等^[11]b(2014)	荷兰	健康人 n = 123 平均年龄10.4岁	学校	组内交叉设计试验	跑步、跳高、跳绳	15	高强度	干预组与对照组比较：干预组得分高于对照组	TEA-Ch	选择性注意力提高
Chuang等^[12](2015)	中国	ADHD患者 n = 19 平均年龄9.42岁	实验室	组内交叉设计试验	跑步	30	60%HRR	干预组与对照组比较：干预组效果优于对照组	Go/No Go	注意力提高
Hogan等^[13](2015)	德国	健康人 n = 30 平均年龄14.2岁	实验室	组内交叉设计试验	功率自行车	20	60%HRR	干预组与对照组比较：干预组效果优于对照组	Go/No Go与Flanker结合	认知和注意力提高
Ludyga等^[14](2017)	瑞士	ADHD患者 n = 36 平均年龄< 18岁	实验室	组内交叉设计试验	功率自行车	20	65%~70%HRR	干预组与对照组比较：干预组得分高于对照组	Flanker	抑制控制力和注意力提高
Lundbye-Jensen等^[15](2017)	丹麦	健康人 n = 51 平均年龄10.55岁	—	随机对照试验	功率自行车	20	高强度	干预组与对照组比较：干预组干预后运动记忆得分高于对照组	运动记忆任务	巩固长期记忆
Lind等^[16](2019)	丹麦	健康人 n = 54 平均年龄11.8岁	足球场	随机对照试验	足球	20	70%~100%HRR	干预组与对照组比较：干预组效果优于对照组	Flanker、陈述性记忆测试	抑制控制力提高
Ludyga等^[17](2020)	瑞士	ADHD患者 n = 36 平均年龄< 18岁	—	组内交叉设计试验	功率自行车	20	65%~70%HRR	干预组与对照组比较：干预组得分高于对照组	交替使用任务	认知灵活性提高

References 20

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人群(Population)			干预(Intervention)	比较(Comparison)	结局(Outcome)
健康状况	ICD-11编码	ICF编码	干预(Intervention)	比较(Comparison)	结局(Outcome)
健康人 ADHD患者年龄< 18岁	6A05 注意缺陷多动障碍	b117智力功能 b122整体心理社会功能 b140注意功能 b144记忆功能 b152情感功能 b164执行功能 b167语言精神功能 b172计算功能	身体活动干预地点：实验室、学校身体活动干预方式：跑步、自行车、跳高、跳绳、足球身体活动干预方案：活动方式、活动强度、活动持续时间	身体活动干预组与对照组比较身体活动干预方式比较身体活动前后比较	b140注意功能 b144记忆功能 b164执行功能

纳入研究	资格标准	随机分配	分配隐藏	基线均衡	被试施盲	被试退出率≤15%	意向性分析	组间进行统计分析	点估计和变异性测量	总分
Ellemberg等^[8](2010)	√	1	0	1	1	1	1	1	1	7
Niemann等^[9](2013)	√	1	0	1	0	1	1	1	1	6
Chen等^[10]a(2014)	√	1	0	1	0	1	1	1	1	6
Chen等^[10]b(2014)	√	1	0	1	0	0	1	1	1	5
Janssen等^[11]a(2014)	√	1	0	1	0	1	1	1	1	6
Janssen等^[11]b(2014)	√	1	0	1	0	1	1	1	1	6
Chuang等^[12](2015)	√	1	0	1	0	1	1	1	1	6
Hogan等^[13](2015)	√	1	0	1	0	1	1	1	1	6
Ludyga等^[14](2017)	√	1	0	1	0	1	1	1	1	6
Lundbye-Jensen等^[15](2017)	√	1	0	1	0	1	1	1	1	6
Lind等^[16](2019)	√	1	1	1	0	1	1	1	1	7
Ludyga等^[17](2020)	√	1	0	1	0	1	1	1	1	6

Effect of acute physical activity on cognitive function in children: a systematic review

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