高强度间歇训练对健康儿童青少年执行功能效果的系统综述

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2023.09.003

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To systematically review the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on executive function for healthy children and adolescents, and delineate the factors related to the intervention outcome.

Methods Literature about the effect of HIIT on executive functions for healthy children and adolescent was retrieved from Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, Google Scholar, and CNKI, up to July 31st, 2023. The methodological quality was evaluated using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale, and relevant data were systematically reviewed.

Results Fifteen researches were included, from nine countries, comprising 13 randomized controlled trials with the scores of PEDro scale from five to eight, involving 17 021 participants aged six to 18 years. They were published mainly from 2016 to 2023. The primary factors related to the intervention outcome were the age of participants, HIIT intervention programs, and work-to-rest ratio. HIIT significantly improved working memory and inhibitory control in healthy children, while it was limited for adolescents.

Conclusion HIIT can significantly improve inhibitory control and working memory in healthy children. Key factors related to the intervention outcomes include the age of participants and the specifics of the HIIT program, etc.

Key words: children, adolescents, high-intensity interval training, executive function, systematic review

CLC Number:

R179

WANG Junyu, YANG Yong, YUAN Xun, XIE Ting, ZHUANG Jie. Effect of high-intensity interval training on executive function for healthy children and adolescents: a systematic review[J]. 《Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice》, 2023, 29(9): 1012-1020.

Figures/Tables 4

纳入文献	国家	样本特征	研究设计	干预周期	干预频率	干预方法	WRR/s	测试任务	结局
Cooper等^[22](2016)	英国	n = 44，年龄(12.6±0.6)岁	交叉设计	单次	10 min	间歇冲刺跑(10×10)	10∶50	工作记忆：Corsi block 抑制控制：Stroop	Corsi block(-) Stroop(+)
Kao等^[14](2023)	美国	HIIT：n = 27，年龄(9.2±0.8)岁 MICT：n = 25，年龄(9.0±0.8)岁 CON：n = 25，年龄(8.7±0.8)岁	RCT	单次	20 min	HIIT：间歇冲刺跑(8×1)，76%HRmax MICT：持续快走，70%HRmax	60∶60	抑制功能：Flanker	Flanker(+)
Ludyga等^[23](2019)	瑞士	HIIT：n = 32，年龄(14.0±0.8)岁 MICT：n = 34，年龄(14.0±0.8)岁 CON：n = 28，年龄(13.9±0.6)岁	RCT	单次	16 min	HIIT：间歇循环训练(开合跳、往返跑、跳绳、卧推踏步、侧跳、跑动中运球) MICT：慢跑	HIIT：60∶30 MICT：30∶30	抑制功能：Flanker	Flanker (-)
Ben-Zeev等^[24](2020)	以色列	HIIT：n = 20，年龄(12.0±1.0)岁 CON：n = 20，年龄(12.0±1.0)岁	RCT	3个月	每次20 min，每周3次	间歇循环训练(高强度有氧30 s×2+力量练习30 s×2)	120∶120	工作记忆：Short-term Spatial 抑制控制：Stroop	Short-term Spatial(+) Stroop(+)
Costigan等^[18](2016)	澳大利亚	AE-HIIT：n = 21，年龄(15.7±0.7)岁 RA-HIIT：n = 22，年龄(15.5±0.6)岁 CON：n = 22，年龄(15.6±0.6)岁	RCT	8周	每次8~10 min，每周3次	AE-HIIT：间歇冲刺跑 RA-HIIT：间歇循环训练	AE-HIIT： 30∶30 RA-HIIT： 30∶30	认知灵活性：TMT-B	TMT-B(-)
Leahy等^[17](2020)	澳大利亚	HIIT：n = 33，年龄(16.2±0.4)岁 CON：n = 29，年龄(16.2±0.4)岁	RCT	14周	每次12~20 min，每周3次	间歇循环训练	30:30	工作记忆：N-back 抑制功能：Flanker	N-back(-) Flanker(-)
Moreau等^[25](2017)	新西兰	HIIT：n = 152，年龄(9.9±1.8)岁 CON：n = 153，年龄(10.0±1.7)岁	RCT	6周	每次5~8 min，每周5次	间歇冲刺跑(20 s×5)	20∶(20~60)	工作记忆：N-back、Digit Span、Corsi Block 抑制控制：Go/No Go, Stroop、Flanker	N-back(+) Digit Span(+) Corsi Block(+) Go/No Go(+) Stroop(+) Flanker(+)
Stenman等^[16](2017)	芬兰	HIIT：n = 9，年龄(17.9±0.9)岁 CON：n = 10，年龄(17.8±0.7)岁	RCT	2周	每次20 min，每周3次	间歇冲刺跑、间歇循环训练	冲刺跑： 60∶75 循环训练： 20∶10	工作记忆：1-back、2-back	1-back(-) 2-back(-)
Tottori等^[26](2019)	日本	HIIT：n = 27，年龄(10.0±1.0)岁 CON：n = 29，年龄(10.4±1.1)岁	NRCT	4周	每次8~10 min，每周3次	间歇循环训练，85%HRmax	30∶30	工作记忆：Digit Span Backward	Digit Span Backward(+)
Valkenborghs等^[27](2022)	澳大利亚	HIIT：n = 30，年龄(16.0±0.2)岁 CON：n = 26，年龄(16.1±0.6)岁	RCT	16周	每次10~15 min，每周3次	间歇循环训练，85%HRmax	30∶30	工作记忆：2-back	2-back(+)
Wassenaar等^[28](2021)	英国	HIIT：n = 7860，年龄(13.5±0.3) CON：n = 8157，年龄(13.5±0.3)岁	RCT	10 个月	每周2次	间歇循环训练，71%~85%HRmax	30∶30	工作记忆：2-back 抑制功能：Flanker 认知灵活性：Colour-Shape Switching	2-back(-) Flanker(-) Colour-Shape Switching(-)
Williams等^[29](2022)	英国	HIIT：n = 8，年龄(11.8±0.2)岁 CON：n = 8，年龄(11.6±0.4)岁	RCT	2周	每次6~8 min，每周3次	间歇冲刺跑×8	10∶50	工作记忆：Sternberg 抑制功能：Stroop、Flanker	Sternberg(+) Stroop(-) Flanker(-)
王杰^[30](2021)	中国	HIIT：n = 28，年龄(11.7±0.3)岁 MICT：n = 29，年龄(11.7±0.3)岁 CON：n = 30，年龄(11.6±0.3)岁	RCT	8周	HIIT：每次25 min，每周3次 MICT：每次35 min，每周3次	HIIT：间歇循环训练，基础阶段85%~90%HRmax，强化阶段85%~90%HRmax MICT：基础阶段60%~70%HRmax，强化阶段60%~70%HRmax	基础阶段：30∶30 强化阶段：60∶30	工作记忆：1-back 抑制功能：Flanker 认知灵活性：More-Odd Shifting	1-back(+) Flanker(-) More-Odd Shifting(+)
张庆举^[31](2020)	中国	HIIT：n = 14，年龄(12.8±0.4)岁 MICT：n = 12，年龄(12.7±0.7)岁 CON：n = 12，年龄(12.7±0.5)岁	RCT	8周	HIIT：每次10组，每周3次 MICT：每次30 min，每周3次	HIIT：间歇循环训练，90%HRmax MICT：持续慢跑，65%HRmax	30∶60	抑制功能：Stroop	Stroop(+)
张国晓^[15](2019)	中国	HIIT：n = 23，年龄(10.4±0.5)岁 MICT：n = 22，年龄(10.3±0.5)岁	RCT	6周	每周3次	HIIT：间歇冲刺跑 MICT：持续慢跑	30∶30	抑制功能：Stroop	Stroop(+)

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人群 (Population)	干预 (Intervention)	比较 (Comparison)	结局 (Outcome)
健康儿童青少年	干预周期	干预组与对照组比较	b身体功能
年龄6~18岁	干预时间	干预前后比较	b164 高水平认知功能
	运动形式		b1643认知可塑性
	运动强度		b1648其他特指的高水平认知功能
	WRR

纳入文献	资格标准	随机分配	分配隐藏	基线均衡	被试施盲	评估者施盲	被试退出率≤15%	意向性分析	组间统计分析	点估计和变异性测量	总分
Cooper等^[22](2016)	√	√		√	√		√	√	√	√	7
Kao等^[√4](2023)	√	√	√	√			√	√	√		6
Ludyga等^[23](2019)	√	√		√			√	√	√	√	6
Ben-Zeev等^[24](2020)	√	√		√			√	√	√	√	6
Costigan等^[18](2016)	√	√	√	√		√	√	√	√	√	8
Leahy等^[17](2020)	√	√	√	√		√	√	√	√	√	8
Moreau等^[25](2017)	√	√		√		√	√	√	√	√	7
Stenman等^[16](2017)	√	√	√	√			√	√	√	√	7
Tottori等^[26](2019)	√			√			√	√	√	√	5
Valkenborghs等^[27](2022)	√	√		√		√	√	√	√	√	7
Wassenaar等^[28](2021)	√	√	√	√	√		√	√	√	√	8
Williams等^[29](2022)	√	√		√			√	√	√	√	6
王杰^[30](2021)	√	√		√	√		√	√	√	√	7
张庆举^[31](2020)	√	√	√	√			√	√	√	√	7
张国晓^[15](2019)	√	√		√			√	√	√	√	6

Effect of high-intensity interval training on executive function for healthy children and adolescents: a systematic review

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