身体活动改善注意缺陷多动障碍和孤独症谱系障碍儿童睡眠功能的系统综述

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2024.10.003

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To systematically evaluate the effect of physical activity on sleep function in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Methods A systematic review was conducted by searching relevant literature in CNKI, Wanfang data, PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science and SPORTDiscus databases, ranging from inception to August, 2024.

Results A total of eight randomized controlled trials were included, originating from China, Germany, Turkey and the United States, involving 311 participants, and were published in journals related to psychology, medicine and sports science. The participants were aged between four and twelve years, and the primary health conditions included inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity and combined types. The scores of PEDro scale of the included studies ranged from five to eight, indicating overall study quality as moderate to good. The types of interventions mainly included physical education programs, adaptive physical activities and exercise rehabilitation. The duration of the interventions was 30 to 60 minutes per session, one to three times per week, over a period of two to twelve weeks, with moderate to high intensity. Physical activity could improve sleep quality, shorten sleep latency and enhance sleep efficiency in children with ADHD and ASD. Regular participation in physical education or group sports activities improved children's sleep quality and efficiency, and also enhanced social skills and emotional regulation. Adaptive physical activities effectively improved sleep behaviors in children with ASD and helped regulate emotions and alleviate anxiety. Exercise rehabilitation improved sleep quality and reduced nighttime awakenings in children with ADHD.

Conclusion Physical activity can improve sleep quality, enhance sleep efficiency, shorten sleep latency and improve the overall quality of life in children with ADHD and ASD.

Key words: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, children, physical activity, sleep function, systematic review

CLC Number:

R749.94

YANG Tongnian, REN Jie, XIAO Hui, FAN Xiaoyan. Effect of physical activity on sleep function in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review[J]. Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice, 2024, 30(10): 1133-1139.

Figures/Tables 4

Table 1

Figure 1

Table 2

Table 3

Basic characteristics of included literatures"

纳入文献	国家	样本特征	干预场所	干预类型	干预方案	测量工具	结局指标
Kanupka等^[19](2018)	美国	ASD(未特指) 样本量：n = 8 年龄：4~10岁	大学体育馆	适应性身体活动	干预方式：水上运动干预措施：每次60 min，每周2次，共4周干预强度：未说明	睡眠日志； CSHQ；EMFIT QS睡眠监测器	CSHQ得分下降；睡眠持续时间增加；睡眠习惯得到改善
Tse等^[20] (2022)	中国	ASD(非语言智商> 40) 样本量：n = 55 年龄：8~12 岁	特殊教育学校	体育课程	干预方式：慢跑干预措施：每次30 min，每周2次，共12周干预强度：中等~高	睡眠日志；体动记录仪	睡眠效率提高；入睡后觉醒时间减少；睡眠持续时间增加；褪黑素水平提高
Liu等^[21] (2023)	中国	ADHD(未特指) 样本量：n = 33 年龄：8~12岁	特殊教育学校	体育课程	干预方式：慢跑干预措施：每次45 min，每周1次，共12周干预强度：未说明	睡眠日志；体动记录仪	睡眠效率提高；睡眠潜伏期缩短；睡眠后觉醒时间减少
Qiu等^[22] (2024)	中国	ADHD(注意力不集中、多动/冲动、混合ADHD) 样本量：n = 80 年龄：6~12 岁	特殊教育学校	体育课程	干预方式：有氧运动结合认知参与训练干预措施：每次60 min，每周3次，共12周干预强度：中等~高	PSQI	PSQI得分下降；睡眠潜伏期缩短
Mische Lawson等^[23] (2017)	美国	ASD(广泛性发育障碍) 样本量：n = 10 年龄：5~12岁	特殊教育学校	体育课程	干预方式：游泳干预措施：每次30 min，每周1次，共8周干预强度：中等	CSHQ	睡眠行为改善；入睡时间缩短，整体睡眠质量的提升
周紫微等^[24](2023)	中国	ADHD(注意力不集中、多动/冲动、混合ADHD) 样本量：n = 44 年龄：6~12岁	儿童医院	体育课程	干预方式：慢跑、体育热身游戏、运动技能训练、团队身体活动游戏、高强度间歇性趣味体能训练、放松活动等干预措施：每次60 min，每周3次，共12周干预强度：中等~高	CSHQ；体动记录仪	CSHQ得分下降；睡眠质量改善；夜醒次数减少；入眠潜伏期缩短；入睡后觉醒时间减少；就寝习惯改善
Türkmen Noyan等^[25](2024)	土耳其	ADHD(未特指) 样本量：n = 57 年龄：6~12岁	儿童医院	运动康复	干预方式：睡眠卫生训练结合渐进式肌肉放松训练干预措施：共8周干预强度：未说明	睡眠日志； CSHQ； PSQI； SHI	CSHQ得分下降；睡眠问题减少； PSQI得分下降； SHI得分下降；增加总睡眠时间；入睡时间缩短；睡眠卫生状况改善
Munz等^[26](2022)	德国	ADHD(注意力不集中、混合型) 样本量：n = 24 年龄：9~11岁	大学实验室	适应性身体活动	干预方式：急性体育锻炼干预措施：每次40 min，每周1次，共2周干预强度：高	PSG	快速眼动睡眠潜伏期延长

Table 3

References 33

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纳入文献	资格标准	随机分配	分配隐藏	基线相似	评估者施盲	被试流失率< 15%	意向治疗分析	组间统计比较	报告点测量和变异量值	总分
Kanupka等^[19](2018)	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	8
Tse等^[20](2022)	√	√	√	√	√	√		√	√	7
Liu等^[21](2023)	√	√		√		√	√	√	√	6
Qiu等^[22](2024)	√	√		√		√	√	√	√	6
Mische Lawson等^[23](2017)	√	√	√	√		√	√	√	√	7
周紫微等^[24](2023)	√	√		√		√	√	√	√	6
Türkmen Noyan等^[25](2024)	√	√		√		√	√	√	√	6
Munz等^[26](2022)	√	√		√		√		√	√	5

Effect of physical activity on sleep function in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review

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