Abstract: ObjectiveTo investigate the incidence, types and risk factors of neurological complications in the early post-operation of renal transplantation. MethodsThe clinical course of 3169 cases of renal transplantation were reviewed, the clinical data of 102 patients with neurological complications were analyzed retrospectively.ResultsThe total incidence of neurological complications was 3.2%, which including: encephalopathy 35 (1.1%), seizure 24 (0.76%), acute stroke 15 (0.47% ), peripheral nerve disease 15 (0.47%), headache 12 (0.38%), central nervous system infection 1 (0.03%). ConclusionThere were varied of neurological complications of renal transplantation in early post-operation, in which encephalopathy and seizure were more common. Some of the complications may be related to immunosuppressive agents.

Key words: renal transplantation, post-operative complication, neurological, immunosuppressive agents, neurotoxicity