不同引导行为下中重度孤独症谱系障碍幼儿回应共同注意的特征

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2024.08.002

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To explore the characteristics of response to joint attention (RJA) under diverse guiding behaviors for preschoolers with moderate to severe autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Methods From March to May, 2023, 21 children with moderate to severe ASD and 16 children with developmental delays matched the physiological ages were selected from Jiaxing Sunlight Rehabilitation Kindergarten, and 16 typical developmental children matched the physiological ages were selected from the kindergartens nearby. They accepted a behavioral experiment on RJA. The number of RJA, frequence of RJA and the coefficient of variation of guiding behaviors needed to RJA were compared among the three groups.

Results About half of the ASD group responded after guiding of head-turning, and the others required higher levels of guiding. The frequence of RJA after guiding of head-turning was less in the ASD group than in the typical development group (χ² > 6.170, P < 0.05), and the coefficient of variation of guiding behaviors was more (d = 4.039, P < 0.001).

Conclusions Preschoolers with moderate to severe ASD are able to respond to joint attention, and this ability is poorer than typically developing children. The guiding behavior of the evaluator should be considered in assessing and intervening RJA in preschoolers with ASD.

Key words: autism spectrum disorder, response to joint attention, guiding behavior, preschooler

CLC Number:

R749.93

HAN Xuling, ZHAO Hang, SUN Mudi, ZHAO Meiping, WANG Yanxia, LIU Min, QU Lu, LIU Qiaoyun. Characteristics of response to joint attention under diverse guiding behaviors in preschoolers with moderate to severe autism spectrum disorder[J]. Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice, 2024, 30(8): 882-887.

Figures/Tables 7

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References 29

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变量	ASD组(n = 21)		DD组(n = 16)		TD组(n = 16)
变量	中位数	四分位距	中位数	四分位距	中位数	四分位距
月龄/月	63.00	16.00	57.00	18.00	53.50	19.00
MSEL/年龄当量
视觉理解	29.00	12.00	53.00	25.00	60.00	18.00
精细运动	26.00	20.00	43.50	33.00	65.00	21.00
语言理解	25.00	22.00	36.50	21.00	59.00	14.00
语言表达	16.00	22.00	38.00	23.00	58.00	17.00
韦氏智商	58.00^a	9.12	69.81	14.29	106.69	15.17

变量	H值	P值	ASD vs. DD		ASD vs. TD		DD vs. TD
变量	H值	P值	Z值	P值	Z值	P值	Z值	P值
月龄	4.171	0.124
MSEL/年龄当量
视觉理解	21.500	< 0.001	-2.457	0.042	4.608	< 0.001	2.019	0.130
精细运动	19.790	< 0.001	-2.002	0.136	4.448	< 0.001	2.295	0.065
语言理解	26.839	< 0.001	-1.766	0.232	5.155	< 0.001	3.181	0.004
语言表达	28.375	< 0.001	-1.257	0.626	5.211	< 0.001	3.711	0.001
韦氏智商	34.303	< 0.001	-1.944	0.156	5.813	< 0.001	3.671	0.001

引导目标	χ²值	P值	ASD vs. DD		ASD vs. TD		DD vs. TD
引导目标	χ²值	P值	χ²值	P值	χ²值	P值	χ²值	P值
右前海报	6.356	0.042	0.108	1.000	6.170	0.039	4.571	0.099
左后海报	9.025	0.011	0.271	1.000	8.819	0.009	6.000	0.042
正前海报	6.284	0.043	1.271	0.780	6.170	0.039	2.133	0.432
右侧海报	7.782	0.020	1.975	0.480	7.439	0.018	2.133	0.432
玩具鸭	2.164	0.339	0.567	1.000	0.689	1.000	2.133	0.432

组别	n	中位数	四分位距
ASD组	21	0.50	0.28
DD组	16	0.37	0.41
TD组	16	0.00	0.00

组别	H值	P值	d值	P值
总体	16.324	< 0.001
ASD vs. DD			-1.665	0.288
ASD vs. TD			4.039	< 0.001
DD vs. TD			2.228	0.078

Characteristics of response to joint attention under diverse guiding behaviors in preschoolers with moderate to severe autism spectrum disorder

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引导目标	组别	n	①	②	③	④	⑤
右前海报(A-1)	ASD	21	12	3	2	1	3
	DD	16	10	3	1	2	0
	TD	16	15	1	0	0	0
左后海报(B-2)	ASD	21	10	5	2	4	0
	DD	16	9	4	1	1	1
	TD	16	15	1	0	0	0
正前海报(C-3)	ASD	21	12	4	4	1	0
	DD	16	12	3	0	0	1
	TD	16	15	0	0	1	0
右侧海报(D-4)	ASD	21	11	4	0	3	3
	DD	16	12	2	1	1	0
	TD	16	15	1	0	0	0
玩具鸭	ASD	20	17	2	1	0	0
	DD	16	12	2	1	1	0
	TD	16	15	1	0	0	0

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