基于世界卫生组织康复胜任力架构的康复心理学专业人才胜任力研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2022.03.008

Abstract

Abstract: Objective To explore competency of professionals in rehabilitation psychology using Rehabilitation Competency Framework (RCF) and develop the curriculum system of rehabilitation psychology at graduate level.Methods Using RCF and Rehabilitation Competency Framework to a specific context, we constructed competency of professionals in rehabilitation psychology and education programme with the functioning framework of International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health in accordance with disciplinary development and vocational need.Results A competency framework for professionals in rehabilitation psychology based on RCF was constructed; the educational goals based on competency-based education (CBE) in accordance with vocational competency and job responsibilities had been formulated; the curriculum system of rehabilitation psychology was developed in rehabilitation psychology at graduate level based on RCF and CBE, to develop professionals of rehabilitation psychology work in a team.Conclusion Disciplinary development and vocational requirement are integrated in competency of professionals in rehabilitation psychology based on RCF, which provide theories and methods to develop graduate programme and curriculum in rehabilitation psychology.

Key words: rehabilitation competency framework, rehabilitation psychology, core competency, competency-based education

ZOU Min, SUN Hongwei, QIU Zhuoying, LI Anqiao. Research on competency of professionals in rehabilitation psychology using World Health Organization rehabilitation competency framework[J]. 《Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice》, 2022, 28(3): 327-334.

Figures/Tables 1

领域	核心胜任力	知识	技能
实践	与康复对象及其家庭有效沟通	1.认识到良好的沟通是增进关系和提升效果的关键; 2.理解语言在沟通中的力量	1.培养有效沟通的知识、技能与态度; 2.认识和解释言语与非言语沟通; 3.运用现有的信息沟通技术; 4.分享知识和资源; 5.促进结构化、循证式的心理康复交流
	评估康复对象的健康相关情况并进行心理问题诊断	1.描述身体的正常结构与功能; 2.识别并考虑健康的生物、心理和社会决定因素; 3.描述心理问题的原因、症状学、发展史及预后; 4.解释心理评估诊断程序,包括信度、效度、用途与局限; 5.识别并考虑可能影响健康、福祉或重返活动/工作的生活方式、职业或其他外在因素等	1.运用心理科学与临床科学相关知识梳理康复对象的生活史并进行身体检查; 2.确定心理健康记录的需求及有效性; 3.根据多方面线索开展心理诊断研究并/或进行转介; 4.解释心理诊断结果; 5.依据康复对象的理解水平,使用适当的表达向康复对象及其家庭解释心理评估的结果和影响; 6.在适当的情况下开展心理问题鉴别诊断
	制定有效的心理康复干预计划	1.认识到精神疾病发病期、转介和/或协作心理康复的需要; 2.识别心理问题急性期、亚急性期和慢性期的状况; 3.识别康复对象的心理、社会、环境和健康行为因素指标,这些因素可能与心理问题风险有关; 4.知晓并理解循证、以人为本的心理干预计划; 5.概括促进心理健康和预防心理疾病的原则; 6.批判性评估、翻译和应用心理卫生保健知识	1.根据个人需求和优势制定心理咨询治疗目标和预后; 2.提供与心理诊断和干预计划相关的建议、解释和保证; 3.采用循证心理康复干预措施,促进功能最大化; 4.为康复对象及其家庭提供预防性、支持性、并行性、转诊等方面的心理健康保健建议; 5.鼓励并支持康复对象及其家庭、工作单位、社区利益攸关方等参与心理康复的计划决策,包括确定风险、利益、自然史、代替照护、个人偏好等
	监测和评估心理康复的进展	1.描述并采用可靠而有效的结果测量方法; 2.明确患者的期望、经验以及自我报告的结果测量; 3.基于康复结果识别停止心理治疗或转诊的指征	1.监测康复对象的临床状况并根据指征调整心理康复计划; 2.根据个人情况及外在因素调整心理康复计划,包括考虑替代性方案; 3.处理由心理康复计划引起的潜在问题或不良事件,并制定有效应对这些情况的程序; 4.依据商定的心理康复目标结束心理康复
	在特定的文化和环境背景下参与实施康复计划	1.解释并评估相关生活史,对家庭、学校、工作和社区环境加以考虑; 2.描述社区环境和文化; 3.认识到有责任保护、提升和推进个人、社区和人口的健康和福祉; 4.与利益攸关方讨论,以促进最佳心理康复、及时返回工作(酌情)并达到商定的生活质量目标	1.支持康复对象参与并融入家庭、学校、工作和社区环境的方方面面; 2.提供与当地文化、社会人口统计学、工作和环境情景相一致的心理康复服务
专业精神	在法律、法规和政策范围内提供心理康复服务	1.了解与残疾和康复有关的法律责任和义务; 2.描述与康复对象及其家庭有关的基本法规和政策; 3.公平公正地履行职责; 4.分清医患关系中的职业道德界限; 5.概括风险管理、安全执业、注意责任的原则; 6.描述不同层次(市、省、国家)健康服务提供的模式	1.有能力获得康复对象或其代理人的知情同意; 2.接纳并尊重康复对象文化价值观与宗教信仰的多样性; 3.表达对康复对象个人喜好与需求的尊重; 4.觉察并处理对康复对象的安全威胁; 5.创建安全可及的实践环境; 6.应对(包括报告)健康风险和公共卫生问题; 7.按照法律和保密原则行事; 8.通过与社区人群一起工作来识别健康的影响因素; 9.支持并促进将心理康复服务纳入卫生保健系统
	在伦理道德范围内与多方协作工作	1.认识到人人具有普遍的不可分割的权利与自由; 2.描述、促进和保护个人的权利和自由; 3.认识到个人具有决策参与权	1.让人们充分参与社区、工作与家庭环境; 2.让人们积极参与决策; 3.提供可及性的心理康复服务环境; 4.交流心理康复信息以保持信息对等; 5.把需要助行设备和辅助技术等无障碍信息的康复对象转介给适当的可提供相应信息的人员; 6.要在个人知识和技能的能力范围内评估和工作; 7.在隐私法范围内与康复对象及其家庭、同事和其他专业人员建立融洽与信任的关系; 8.应用自主、有益、无渎职和公正的伦理道德原则
学习与发展	促进自身和他人的学习与发展	1.认识到个体的需求与偏好; 2.掌握自主学习的原则与方法; 3.了解专业化的心理健康教育和培训途径	1.制订并实施专业发展计划; 2.督导有不同需求的学习者
	促进心理康复教育与培训	1.描述基于ICF的现代残疾与康复模式; 2.识别影响康复对象心理健康问题的决定因素,包括健康状况、个人与环境因素的相互作用; 3.解析不同功能残疾康复过程中常见的心理行为问题及其影响因素和预后	1.在ICF生物-心理-社会模式下对康复对象进行心理诊断、评估与治疗; 2.在心理康复服务中运用现代残疾与康复的理念; 3.将所学应用于心理康复实践; 4.设计心理康复培训课程; 5.推进心理康复教育与培训活动
管理与领导力	管理心理康复团队服务	1.描述和应用心理康复实践所需的循证指南和规程; 2.识别和尊重其他卫生保健专业人员的执业范围; 3.认可并尊重利益攸关方的管理政策和规章制度; 4.获得知识进步并将其应用于心理康复实践; 5.理解法律规章中的责任与义务; 6.描述心理康复代表性组织(如中国心理学会康复心理学专委会)的服务宗旨	1.依据职业标准和法律要求,创建、维护、储存和处置康复对象的记录文件; 2.合理分配有限的卫生保健资源; 3.应用循证管理流程实现性价比适当的心理康复服务; 4.协同工作,提供跨学科的康复方法; 5.与社区组织、家庭、用人单位及其他利益攸关方进行合作; 6.对定量与定性研究进行批判性评价,以指导循证实践; 7.避免组织让个人健康与福祉受到威胁的活动
	成为心理康复的倡导者	1.在个体化管理计划中具体说明可用的心理康复服务; 2.明确有助于让康复对象重返活动和工作岗位的关键利益攸关方	1.与利益攸关方沟通以促进康复对象重返活动和工作岗位; 2.让利益攸关方参与改善心理康复服务; 3.应用以人为本的关怀,支持公平可及的心理康复服务; 4.倡议并促进针对心理康复需求的心理康复服务
研究	在心理康复实践中整合证据	1.查找心理康复实践证据的方法; 2.评估心理康复实践证据的方法	1.鉴别和审查证据; 2.将证据应用于心理康复的具体情景
	对心理康复问题进行研究	1.心理康复研究的伦理道德原则; 2.研究心理康复问题的方法; 3.传播心理康复证据的策略	1.评估研究需求; 2.努力获得进一步的证据; 3.在伦理道德范围内开展心理康复科学研究

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Research on competency of professionals in rehabilitation psychology using World Health Organization rehabilitation competency framework

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