残奥项目肢体残疾运动员距离视知觉及其影响因素研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2023.03.013

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the impact of posture and sports experience on distance perception in Paralympic athletes with lower limbs disabilities.

Methods From May to August, 2019, athletes were selected from the wheelchair racing team (n = 19) and the wheelchair fencing team (n = 16) in Shanghai, China. The athletes were tested the relative distance perception and absolute distance perception using the successive equal-appearing distance and blind walking tasks.

Results The interaction effects between sport and posture (F = 4.118, P < 0.05), sports events and distance judgment (F = 8.913, P < 0.01), and posture and distance judgment (F = 11.894, P < 0.01) were significant; while the main effects of sport (F = 7.467, P < 0.01) and posture (F = 11.918, P < 0.01) were significant; the relative distance judgment accuracy was better in the athletes of wheelchair fencing than in those of wheelchair racing, and in standing posture than those in sitting posture.

Conclusion The relative distance judgment accuracy is better for the Paralympic athletes standing and playing wheelchair fencers. There was no significant difference in the accuracy of absolute distance judgment between the different postures and the different sports.

Key words: sports experience, distance perception, intrinsic bias, wheelchair racing, wheelchair fencing

CLC Number:

TIAN Junfu, CAI Yujun, YANG Jian. Visual perception and its related factors of distance for Paralympic athletes with physical disabilities[J]. 《Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice》, 2023, 29(3): 335-339.

Figures/Tables 4

References 33

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运动项目	姿势	n	性别(男/女)/n	年龄/岁	视野高/cm
轮椅竞速	坐姿	12	8/4	25.6±6.5	118.0±4.6
轮椅竞速	站姿	7	6/1	20.9±3.2	155.1±4.7
轮椅击剑	坐姿	7	3/4	28.0±3.6	117.6±5.8
轮椅击剑	站姿	9	4/5	24.1±4.1	165.3±6.0

运动项目	姿势	距离判断	n	距离/cm	运动项目	姿势	距离判断	n	距离/cm	运动项目	姿势	距离判断	n	距离/cm
轮椅	坐姿	绝对	7	38.98±13.42	轮椅	坐姿	绝对	12	44.88±12.39	总计	坐姿	绝对	19	42.71±12.74
击剑		相对	7	42.44±23.80	竞速		相对	12	74.43±24.57			相对	19	62.64±28.45
		合计	14	40.71±18.65			合计	24	59.66±24.29			合计	38	52.68±23.97
	站姿	绝对	9	45.87±9.96		站姿	绝对	7	37.96±9.86		站姿	绝对	16	42.41±10.40
		相对	9	24.22±8.23			相对	7	37.73±16.50			相对	16	30.13±13.89
		合计	18	35.04±14.24			合计	14	37.84±13.06			合计	32	36.27±13.59
	总计	绝对	16	42.86±11.72		总计	绝对	19	42.33±11.74		总计	绝对	35	42.57±11.56
		相对	16	32.19±18.70			相对	19	60.91±28.12			相对	35	47.78±27.99
		合计	32	37.52±16.28			合计	38	51.62±23.24			合计	70	45.18±21.42

源	III类平方和	自由度	均方	F值	P值
运动项目×姿势×距离判断	22.715	1	22.715	0.086	0.770
运动项目×姿势	1086.462	1	1086.462	4.118	0.047
运动项目×距离判断	2351.66	1	2351.660	8.913	0.004
姿势×距离判断	3138.037	1	3138.037	11.894	0.001
运动项目	1970.175	1	1970.175	7.467	0.008
姿势	3144.522	1	3144.522	11.918	0.001
距离判断	128.8	1	128.800	0.488	0.487
修正模型	15305.118a	7	2186.445	8.287	< 0.001
截距	125028.573	1	125028.573	473.875	< 0.001
误差	16358.247	62	263.843
总计	174522.526	70
修正后总计	31663.365	69

自变量	I	J	I-J	SE	P值	95%CI
运动项目	轮椅击剑	轮椅竞速	-10.874	3.979	0.008	-18.829~-2.920
姿势	坐姿	站姿	13.738	3.979	0.001	5.783~21.693
距离判断	相对距离判断	绝对距离判断	-2.780	3.979	0.487	-10.735~5.174

Visual perception and its related factors of distance for Paralympic athletes with physical disabilities

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