Abstract: ObjectiveTo study the effect of a course of regular rehabilitation treatment on patients with different traumatic brain injury(TBI) course, explore the costs of one rehabilitation course in patients with different TBI course, and study the timing and focus of rehabilitation on patiens with different stages.Methods250 TBI patients were distributed to five groups by different TBI courses: <3 months, 3～6 months, 6 months～1 year, 1～2 years and >2 years. The clinical data and initial function evaluation were done at the admission. All of them received at least one regular rehabilitation treatment, then another function evaluation was done. Effects and costs of one rehabilitation course in patients with different TBI course were investigated.ResultsThe longer the duration of illness, the higher the cost-effectiveness ratio. The cost-effectiveness ratio of the second treatment course was higher than the first one. The patients within 12 months should receive a comprehensive rehabilitation treatment, and should be prevented and treated hydrocephalus and other complications; for patients within 1～2 years, there would be no significant improvement in balance and lower limb function, should enhance the training of activity of daily living (ADL) and upper extremity function; for the patients more than two years just improved ADL using of residual function.ConclusionTBI patients should accept rehabilitation as soon as possible, and should be conducted corresponding trainings according to different disease course.

Key words: traumatic brain injury, rehabilitation, course, therapeutic effect, econmics