青壮年脑卒中患者不良生活方式调查

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2022.01.004

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the lifestyles for young and middle-aged stroke patients (aged 18 to 59). Methods From October, 2020 to March, 2021, 268 young adult stroke inpatients in Beijing Bo'ai Hospital and 363 healthy controls for healthy examination were collected the basic information (gender, age, marital status and educational level). The lifestyles were investigated with questionnaire based on Activity-Interest-Opinion (AIO) scale and Health Education and Health Advocacy in China, including 26 items in five dimensions of smoking, drinking, sleep, diet and exercise (before the onset for patients). The lifestyles were compared between the two groups, and analyzed with Logistic regression. Results Frequent smoking (OR = 1.383, P = 0.048), frequent passive smoking (OR = 1.511, P < 0.001), less sleeping time (OR = 0.582, P = 0.018), staying up later (OR = 0.400, P < 0.001), irregular meal time (OR = 0.454, P < 0.001), less weekly breakfast (OR = 0.752, P = 0.012), more oil intake (OR = 0.623, P < 0.001), more barbecue and fried food intake (OR = 0.440, P < 0.001), frequent takeaway or catering (OR = 0.716, P < 0.001), more alcohol consumption (OR = 1.502, P < 0.001) and less aerobic exercise (OR = 1.540, P < 0.001) were the risk factors for stroke in young and middle-aged persons. Conclusion Adverse lifestyle affects the occurrence of stroke in young and middle-aged people.

Key words: stroke, young, middle-aged, lifestyle, risk factors

CLC Number:

R743.3

SUN Ning,HUANG Fubiao,YE Ting. Lifestyle for young and middle-aged stroke patients: 268 cases investigation[J]. 《Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice》, 2022, 28(1): 24-31.

Figures/Tables 4

项目	变量	对照组 (n = 363)	患者组 (n = 268)	χ²值	P值	项目	变量	对照组(n = 363)	患者组(n = 268)	χ²值	P值
吸烟情况						饮食情况
吸烟频率	从不吸烟	284	140	74.534	< 0.001	盐的摄入	清淡	52	60	37.151	< 0.001
	已经戒烟	23	16				一般	227	102
	1~10支/d	26	16				较重	84	106
	> 10~20支/d	20	66			油脂摄入	高脂	71	100	26.499	< 0.001
	> 20支/d	10	30				低脂	41	32
吸烟年数	从不吸烟	283	140	53.959	< 0.001		适中	251	136
	≤ 5年	13	10			三餐时间是否规律	从不或很少规律	25	56	31.045	< 0.001
	> 5~15年	19	34				有时规律	45	42
	> 15~25年	31	38				经常或一直规律	293	170
	> 25年	17	46			早餐频率	每天	254	206	29.714	< 0.001
被动吸烟频率	从不或偶尔	183	60	116.092	< 0.001		5~6次/周	52	8
	1~2次/月	36	8				3~4次/周	26	22
	1~2次/周	50	22				1~2次/周	19	10
	3~5次/周	23	16				从不/很少	12	22
	每天	71	162			夜宵频率	每天	10	8	8.941	0.063
饮酒情况							5~6次/周	6	8
饮酒量/次^-1	从不或很少	221	114	35.178	< 0.001		3~4次/周	12	14
	< 100 g	64	46				1~2次/周	49	54
	100~200 g	47	44				从不/很少	286	184
	> 200 g	31	64
睡眠情况						每天摄入蔬菜300~500 g	很少	37	26	0.218	0.897
睡眠时间/h·d^-1	< 6	70	100	26.812	< 0.001		偶尔	116	82
	6~9	288	162				经常	210	160
	> 9	5	6			平均每天摄	< 200	243	178	1.515	0.469
						入水果/g	200~400	106	84
熬夜	否	260	126	39.315	< 0.001		> 400	14	6
	是	103	142			主食配杂粮情况	经常配有杂粮	89	78	16.792	< 0.001
午睡	否	217	154	0.342	0.559		偶尔配有杂粮	159	84
	是	146	114				很少配有杂粮	94	100
睡眠障碍	从不或很少	194	146	47.055	< 0.001		只食用杂粮	2	0
	有时	116	34				很少食用主食及杂粮	19	6
	经常或一直	53	88			饮食以什么为主	偏蔬菜瓜果	84	36	27.502	< 0.001
运动情况							偏肉类	83	108
有氧运动频率/周^-1 (快走/跑步/骑行/游泳等)	从不/很少	169	110	39.764	< 0.001		偏豆制品/奶制品类	25	24
	1~2	104	46				营养均衡	146	84
	3~5	56	38				其他	25	16
	6~7	34	74			烧烤煎炸类食物摄入	从不	26	76	61.494	< 0.001
无氧运动频率	从不/很少	254	210	7.827	0.050		有时	302	152
(哑铃/弹力带/核心力量	1~2次/月	47	18				经常	35	40
/俯卧撑等)	1~2次/周	29	20			外卖/餐饮频率	每天	20	24	27.106	< 0.001
	3次以上/周	33	20				5~6次/周	29	42
运动频率/ h·d^-1	0~1	256	180	4.899	0.179		3~4次/周	41	50
	> 1~2	81	72				1~2次/周	153	72
	> 2~3	9	10				从不/很少	120	80
	> 3	17	6

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自变量	B	SE	Wald	P值	OR	95%CI
吸烟频率	0.324	0.171	3.600	0.048	1.383	0.989~1.934
吸烟年数	0.087	0.151	0.330	0.566	0.917	0.682~1.233
被动吸烟频率	0.413	0.074	31.128	< 0.001	1.511	1.307~1.746
饮酒量	0.407	0.081	25.201	< 0.001	1.502	1.282~1.761
睡眠时间	-0.542	0.229	5.588	0.018	0.582	0.371~0.912
熬夜	0.916	0.220	17.367	< 0.001	0.400	0.260~0.616
睡眠障碍	0.111	0.105	1.120	0.290	1.117	0.910~1.373
有氧运动频率	0.432	0.100	18.552	< 0.001	1.540	1.265~1.874
盐的摄入	0.211	0.155	1.859	0.173	1.235	0.912~1.672
油脂摄入	0.473	0.114	17.097	< 0.001	0.623	0.498~0.780
三餐时间是否规律	-0.789	0.138	32.778	< 0.001	0.454	0.347~0.595
早餐频率	-0.286	0.114	6.262	0.012	0.752	0.601~0.940
主食配有杂粮情况	-0.083	0.115	0.521	0.470	0.920	0.734~1.153
饮食中以什么为主	-0.059	0.808	0.544	0.461	0.943	0.806~1.103
烧烤煎炸类食物摄入	0.822	0.222	13.652	< 0.001	0.440	0.284~0.680
外卖/餐饮频率	-0.334	0.090	13.845	< 0.001	0.716	0.601~0.854

Lifestyle for young and middle-aged stroke patients: 268 cases investigation

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项目		对照组(n = 363)	患者组(n = 268)	χ²值	P值
性别	男	265	210	2.376	0.123
	女	98	58
年龄/岁	≤ 40	51	44	1.870	0.393
	> 40~50	103	64
	> 50~59	209	160
婚姻情况	已婚	337	246	2.086	0.352
	未婚	13	16
	丧偶或离异	13	6
文化程度	大专以下	170	118	0.509	0.775
	专科、本科	161	126
	研究生(硕士、博士)	32	24

[1]	ZHU Lili, ZHAO Jiaxin, CHENG Xue, WANG Huijuan, CHEN Xiaoxia. Experiences and needs of stroke patients during rehabilitation: a qualitative meta-synthesis [J]. Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice, 2026, 32(3): 286-293.
[2]	LIU Ping, ZHOU Nan, XUE Xiaojie, SHAO Weibo. Application of rehabilitation therapy techniques for post-stroke dysphagia: a bibliometric analysis [J]. Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice, 2026, 32(3): 294-303.
[3]	YANG Ling, WANG Qinglei, WANG Jie, XU Wenjie, WANG Tong, GUO Chuan, QIAN Xue. Activation patterns and mechanism in the prefrontal cortex of post-stroke anxiety patients: a study using functional near-infrared spectroscopy [J]. Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice, 2026, 32(3): 329-336.
[4]	ZHANG Jihui, YI Longyue, YANG Yuanbin. Associated factors of balance dysfunction and its correlation with functional lower limb muscle strength in middle-aged and older adults: an analysis based on CHARLS database [J]. Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice, 2026, 32(1): 13-22.
[5]	YUE Yuan, ZHANG Tong, LIU Yuanmin, WANG Ya'nan. Effect of lower extremity exoskeleton robots on balance and walking function of patients with post-stroke cerebellar ataxia [J]. Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice, 2026, 32(1): 23-29.
[6]	WU Cheng, ZHANG Yunfeng, WANG Weining, YU Kewei, ZHANG Yanzheng, SHEN Jiarong, WU Yi. Effect of elbow-wrist functional orthosis on plantar pressure and balance function in stroke patients with hemiplegia [J]. Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice, 2026, 32(1): 30-39.
[7]	ZHANG Junfeng, CHEN Hao, DU Yuzheng, LI Chen, YU Tao, YANG Yuanqing. Non-pharmacological management for post-stroke spasticity from 2004 to 2024: a bibliometric analysis [J]. Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice, 2026, 32(1): 45-58.
[8]	GAO Kaixiang, LU Haitao. Research in neurorehabilitation from 2015 to 2024: a bibliometric analysis [J]. Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice, 2026, 32(1): 59-68.
[9]	WEI Jingyi, WANG Xiaojing, WANG Ran, WEI Chen, MA Sai, LIU Xihua. Effect of acupuncture synchronized speech training on post-stroke motor aphasia [J]. Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice, 2025, 31(9): 1000-1008.
[10]	WANG Xiaojing, WEI Jingyi, WEI Chen, WANG Ran, MA Sai, LIU Xihua. Effect of synchronous acupuncture and articulation training on spastic dysarthria after stroke [J]. Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice, 2025, 31(9): 1009-1016.
[11]	ZHOU Xinyue, YE Ruixue, MA Yaqi, XU Ying, CAO Longyao, WANG Yulong. Researches on central post-stroke pain: a bibliometric analysis [J]. Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice, 2025, 31(9): 1038-1049.
[12]	GAO Yunhan, HOU Shanshan, WANG Xinyu, ZHU Chongtian. Effect of brain-computer interface on upper limb motor dysfunction in stroke patients based on functional near-infrared spectroscopy [J]. Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice, 2025, 31(9): 1066-1073.
[13]	GAO Fei, LIU Lixu, HU Xueyan, WU Xiaoli, YANG Lingyu, YANG Yuqi, YE Changqing, DU Xiaoxia. Effect of unilateral or bilateral transcranial direct current stimulation on post-stroke dysphagia [J]. Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice, 2025, 31(9): 993-999.
[14]	ZHANG Ziang, CHEN Jing, SHEN Mengru, GENG Zongxiao, HAN Xue, ZHAO Xu, XU Lei. Comparison of effect of different types of exercise on gait and balance for stroke patients [J]. Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice, 2025, 31(8): 896-905.
[15]	WANG Xiaofeng, HU Mengqiao, WANG Yan, WEI Kun, XU Wenzhu, REN Dan, MA Ye. Effect of exoskeleton robot-assisted gait training on lower limb function after stroke and spinal cord injury: a systematic review [J]. Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice, 2025, 31(8): 914-921.