《Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice》 ›› 2023, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (8): 910-918.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2023.08.007
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WEI Xiaowei1,2, YANG Jian1(), WEI Chunyan3, HE Qiling4
Received:
2023-08-14
Revised:
2023-08-15
Published:
2023-08-25
Online:
2023-10-09
Contact:
YANG Jian
E-mail:yangjianxz@sina.com
Supported by:
CLC Number:
WEI Xiaowei, YANG Jian, WEI Chunyan, HE Qiling. Adapted physical education programs for psychomotor development in school settings for children with intellectual and developmental disabilities: a systematic review[J]. 《Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice》, 2023, 29(8): 910-918.
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人群 (People) | 干预 (Intervention) | 比较 (Comparison) | 结局 (Outcome) |
---|---|---|---|
疾病和残疾类别 智力与发展性残疾 智力障碍 孤独症 年龄:7~18岁 | 干预情景 特殊教育学校 适应性体育课程 干预内容 适应性体育课程 适应性体育活动 干预强度 干预频率 持续时间 | 干预前后 干预与否 干预时长 | 感知 1.节奏感知能力; 2.视觉、听觉、触觉的综合感知能力 运动控制 1.总运动能力; 2.精细运动能力; 3.肌肉力量和耐力 协调 1.上肢协调能力; 2.静态平衡; 3.身体灵活性和协调性; 4.肌肉耐力和力量; 5.手眼协调能力 反应时间 1.正确反应、持续反应和概念水平反应; 2.运动灵活性和敏捷性; 动作计划和执行 1.自助饮食、自助穿衣、自我指导等; 2.沟通技能; 3.运动技能; 4.运动技能熟练度; 5.执行功能 |
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纳入文献 | 资格 标准 | 随机 分配 | 分配 隐藏 | 基线 相似 | 被试 施盲 | 治疗师 施盲 | 评估者 施盲 | 被试流失率≤ 15% | 意向性 分析 | 组间统 计比较 | 变异性 测量 | 总分 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kashi等[ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | 9 | |
Wu等[ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | 8 | ||
Fotiadou等[ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | 6 | ||||
Pan等[ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | 8 | ||
Sun等[ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | 7 | |||
Choi等[ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | 8 | ||
Elgarhy等[ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | 9 |
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纳入文献 | 国家 | 样本 特征 | 健康及功能状况 | 适应性身体活动 干预方案 | 比较 | 心理运动能力结局指标 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kashi等[ | 伊朗 | 年龄12~16岁 n = 36 | 轻度智力障碍 | 1.干预内容:肌肉和平衡训练、心血管耐力和肌肉耐力训练、感知动作训练 2.干预强度:轻度至中等强度 3.干预频率:每次45~60 min,每3周1次 4.持续时间:12周 | 1.与对照组相比,干预组运动能力总分干预前后改善程度较高 2.与对照组相比,干预组社会成熟度量表的自助饮食、自助穿衣、自我指导、沟通和运动分量表得分均显著升高 | 感知 未提及 运动控制 总运动能力、精细运动能力得到改善 协调 上肢协调能力得到改善 反应时间 未提及 动作计划和执行 1.自助饮食、自助穿衣、自我指导改善;2.沟通技能改善;3.运动技能改善 |
Wu等[ | 中国 | 年龄13~18岁 n = 43 | 轻度至中度智力障碍; 孤独症; 精神障碍 | 1.干预内容:上下楼梯、使用单个有氧设备(如跑步机、步机、交叉训练机和固定自行车)、仰卧起坐、跳跃运动 2.干预强度:轻度至中等强度 3.干预频率:每次50 min,每周5次 4.持续时间:12周 | 与干预前相比,干预后的静态平衡、肌肉力量和耐力结果得到显著改善 | 感知 未提及 运动控制 肌肉力量和耐力改善 协调 静态平衡改善 反应时间 未提及 动作计划和执行 仰卧起坐达到标准次数显著增多。跳跃拿球的成功率提高 |
Fotiadou等[ | 希腊 | 年龄8~12岁 n = 20 | 轻度至中度智力障碍 | 1.干预内容:律动性活动、视觉与动/静态平衡活动、变速移动、呼吸和伸展运动 2.干预强度:轻度至中等强度 3.干预频率:每次45 min,每周2次 4.持续时间:16周 | 1. 与对照组相比,干预组静态平衡改善 2.与对照组相比,干预组学生的感知能力显著提升 | 感知 1.节奏感知能力加强;2.视觉、听觉、触觉的综合感知能力提高 运动控制 未提及 协调 静态平衡能力提高 反应时间 未提及 动作计划和执行 未提及 |
Pan等[ (2016) | 中国 | 年龄7~12岁 n = 22 | 孤独症谱系障碍 | 1.干预内容:运动技能训练,乒乓球特有的技术技能(如基本的正手和反手推球、发球和回球)和与乒乓球运动相关的身体运动技能(如手部弹跳、球拍弹跳、步法、身体控制、平衡训练和手眼协调) 2.干预强度:未提及 3.干预频率:每次45 min,每周2次 4.持续时间:24周 | 1.与干预12周相比,干预24周后乒乓球正确率和概念水平反应更高 2.与对照组相比,干预组学生的执行功能得到显著改善 | 感知 未提及 运动控制 未提及 协调 手动协调、身体协调、力量和灵活性得到显著改善 反应时间 正确反应、持续反应和概念水平反应得到显著改善 动作计划和执行 运动技能熟练度和执行功能有所提高 |
Sun等[ | 中国 | 年龄7~12岁 n = 57 | 轻度至中度智力障碍 | 1.干预内容:有氧和抗阻运动 2.干预强度:中等强度 3.干预频率:每次45 min,每周2次 4.持续时间:12周 | 与干预前相比,干预后学生的肌肉耐力和力量、运动灵活性和敏捷性得到显著改善 | 感知 未提及 运动控制 肌肉耐力和力量显著提升 协调 未提及 反应时间 运动灵活性和敏捷性显著改善 动作计划和执行 未提及 |
Choi 等[ | 中国 | 年龄7~8岁 n = 30 | 轻度智力障碍 | 1.干预内容:跳跃练习、球的控制练习、手眼协调练习、感觉控制练习、平衡练习 2.干预强度:未提及 3.干预频率:每次60 min,每周3次 4.持续时间:8周 | 与干预前相比,干预后学生的精细运动能力、手眼协调能力、平衡能力得到显著提高 | 感知 对视觉、听觉、触觉的综合运用能力有所改善 运动控制 精细运动能力得到显著改善 协调 1.手眼协调能力显著提高;2.平衡能力显著提高 反应时间 未提及 动作计划和执行 未提及 |
Elgarhy 等[ | 埃及 | 年龄6~7岁 n = 28 | 智力障碍; 孤独症谱系障碍 | 1.干预内容:散步、跑步、方位识别、距离判断等 2.干预强度:未提及 3.干预频率:每次45 min,每周3次 4.持续时间:10周 | 1.与干预前相比,干预10周后学生的身体意识、身体概念和空间概念得到显著改善; 2.与对照组相比,干预组学生姿势控制和协调得到改善 | 感知 身体意识、身体概念和空间概念显著改善 运动控制 未提及 协调 姿势控制和协调得到改善 反应时间 未提及 动作计划和执行 未提及 |
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